using System.Diagnostics;
using Common;
using NubLang.Diagnostics;
using NubLang.Syntax.Node;
using NubLang.Syntax.Tokenization;
using Node_UnaryExpressionNode = NubLang.Syntax.Node.UnaryExpressionNode;

namespace NubLang.Syntax.Binding;

// TODO: Currently anonymous function does not get a new scope
public sealed class Binder
{
    private readonly SyntaxTree _syntaxTree;
    private readonly DefinitionTable _definitionTable;

    // TODO: Implement proper variable tracking and scoping
    private Dictionary<string, BoundNubType> _variables = new();
    private BoundNubType? _functionReturnType;

    public Binder(SyntaxTree syntaxTree, DefinitionTable definitionTable)
    {
        _syntaxTree = syntaxTree;
        _definitionTable = definitionTable;
    }

    public BoundSyntaxTree Bind()
    {
        _variables = [];
        _functionReturnType = null;

        var diagnostics = new List<Diagnostic>();
        var topLevelNodes = new List<BoundTopLevelNode>();

        foreach (var topLevel in _syntaxTree.TopLevelNodes)
        {
            try
            {
                topLevelNodes.Add(BindTopLevel(topLevel));
            }
            catch (BindException e)
            {
                diagnostics.Add(e.Diagnostic);
            }
        }

        return new BoundSyntaxTree(_syntaxTree.Namespace, topLevelNodes, diagnostics);
    }

    private BoundTopLevelNode BindTopLevel(TopLevelNode node)
    {
        return node switch
        {
            ExternFuncNode topLevel => BindExternFuncDefinition(topLevel),
            TraitImplNode topLevel => BindTraitImplementation(topLevel),
            TraitNode topLevel => BindTraitDefinition(topLevel),
            LocalFuncNode topLevel => BindLocalFuncDefinition(topLevel),
            StructNode topLevel => BindStruct(topLevel),
            _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(node))
        };
    }

    private BoundTraitImplNode BindTraitImplementation(TraitImplNode node)
    {
        _variables.Clear();
        var functions = new List<BoundTraitFuncImplNode>();

        foreach (var function in node.Functions)
        {
            var parameters = new List<BoundFuncParameterNode>();

            foreach (var parameter in function.Parameters)
            {
                _variables[parameter.Name] = BindType(parameter.Type);
                parameters.Add(new BoundFuncParameterNode(parameter.Tokens, parameter.Name, BindType(parameter.Type)));
            }

            functions.Add(new BoundTraitFuncImplNode(function.Tokens, function.Name, parameters, BindType(function.ReturnType), BindBlock(function.Body)));
        }

        return new BoundTraitImplNode(node.Tokens, node.Namespace, BindType(node.TraitType), BindType(node.ForType), functions);
    }

    private BoundTraitNode BindTraitDefinition(TraitNode node)
    {
        var functions = new List<BoundTraitFuncNode>();

        foreach (var function in node.Functions)
        {
            var parameters = new List<BoundFuncParameterNode>();

            foreach (var parameter in function.Parameters)
            {
                parameters.Add(new BoundFuncParameterNode(parameter.Tokens, parameter.Name, BindType(parameter.Type)));
            }

            functions.Add(new BoundTraitFuncNode(node.Tokens, function.Name, parameters, BindType(function.ReturnType)));
        }

        return new BoundTraitNode(node.Tokens, node.Namespace, node.Name, functions);
    }

    private BoundStructNode BindStruct(StructNode node)
    {
        var structFields = new List<BoundStructFieldNode>();

        foreach (var field in node.Fields)
        {
            var value = Optional.Empty<BoundExpressionNode>();

            if (field.Value.HasValue)
            {
                value = BindExpression(field.Value.Value, BindType(field.Type));
            }

            structFields.Add(new BoundStructFieldNode(field.Tokens, field.Index, field.Name, BindType(field.Type), value));
        }

        return new BoundStructNode(node.Tokens, node.Namespace, node.Name, structFields);
    }

    private BoundExternFuncNode BindExternFuncDefinition(ExternFuncNode node)
    {
        var parameters = new List<BoundFuncParameterNode>();

        foreach (var parameter in node.Parameters)
        {
            parameters.Add(new BoundFuncParameterNode(parameter.Tokens, parameter.Name, BindType(parameter.Type)));
        }

        return new BoundExternFuncNode(node.Tokens, node.Namespace, node.Name, node.CallName, parameters, BindType(node.ReturnType));
    }

    private BoundLocalFuncNode BindLocalFuncDefinition(LocalFuncNode node)
    {
        _variables.Clear();
        _functionReturnType = BindType(node.ReturnType);

        var parameters = new List<BoundFuncParameterNode>();

        foreach (var parameter in node.Parameters)
        {
            _variables[parameter.Name] = BindType(parameter.Type);
            parameters.Add(new BoundFuncParameterNode(parameter.Tokens, parameter.Name, BindType(parameter.Type)));
        }

        var body = BindBlock(node.Body);

        return new BoundLocalFuncNode(node.Tokens, node.Namespace, node.Name, parameters, body, BindType(node.ReturnType), node.Exported);
    }

    private BoundBlock BindBlock(BlockNode node)
    {
        var statements = new List<BoundStatementNode>();

        foreach (var statement in node.Statements)
        {
            statements.Add(BindStatement(statement));
        }

        return new BoundBlock(node.Tokens, statements);
    }

    private BoundStatementNode BindStatement(StatementNode node)
    {
        return node switch
        {
            AssignmentNode statement => BindAssignment(statement),
            BreakNode statement => BindBreak(statement),
            ContinueNode statement => BindContinue(statement),
            IfNode statement => BindIf(statement),
            ReturnNode statement => BindReturn(statement),
            StatementExpressionNode statement => BindStatementExpression(statement),
            VariableDeclarationNode statement => BindVariableDeclaration(statement),
            WhileNode statement => BindWhile(statement),
            _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(node))
        };
    }

    private BoundStatementNode BindAssignment(AssignmentNode statement)
    {
        var expression = BindExpression(statement.Target);
        var value = BindExpression(statement.Value, expression.Type);
        return new BoundAssignmentNode(statement.Tokens, expression, value);
    }

    private BoundBreakNode BindBreak(BreakNode statement)
    {
        return new BoundBreakNode(statement.Tokens);
    }

    private BoundContinueNode BindContinue(ContinueNode statement)
    {
        return new BoundContinueNode(statement.Tokens);
    }

    private BoundIfNode BindIf(IfNode statement)
    {
        var elseStatement = Optional.Empty<Variant<BoundIfNode, BoundBlock>>();

        if (statement.Else.HasValue)
        {
            elseStatement = statement.Else.Value.Match<Variant<BoundIfNode, BoundBlock>>
            (
                elseIf => BindIf(elseIf),
                @else => BindBlock(@else)
            );
        }

        return new BoundIfNode(statement.Tokens, BindExpression(statement.Condition, BoundNubPrimitiveType.Bool), BindBlock(statement.Body), elseStatement);
    }

    private BoundReturnNode BindReturn(ReturnNode statement)
    {
        var value = Optional.Empty<BoundExpressionNode>();

        if (statement.Value.HasValue)
        {
            value = BindExpression(statement.Value.Value, _functionReturnType);
        }

        return new BoundReturnNode(statement.Tokens, value);
    }

    private BoundStatementExpressionNode BindStatementExpression(StatementExpressionNode statement)
    {
        return new BoundStatementExpressionNode(statement.Tokens, BindExpression(statement.Expression));
    }

    private BoundVariableDeclarationNode BindVariableDeclaration(VariableDeclarationNode statement)
    {
        BoundNubType? type = null;

        if (statement.ExplicitType.HasValue)
        {
            type = BindType(statement.ExplicitType.Value);
        }

        var assignment = Optional<BoundExpressionNode>.Empty();
        if (statement.Assignment.HasValue)
        {
            var boundValue = BindExpression(statement.Assignment.Value, type);
            assignment = boundValue;
            type = boundValue.Type;
        }

        if (type == null)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException("Diagnostics not implemented");
        }

        _variables[statement.Name] = type;

        return new BoundVariableDeclarationNode(statement.Tokens, statement.Name, assignment, type);
    }

    private BoundWhileNode BindWhile(WhileNode statement)
    {
        return new BoundWhileNode(statement.Tokens, BindExpression(statement.Condition, BoundNubPrimitiveType.Bool), BindBlock(statement.Body));
    }

    private BoundExpressionNode BindExpression(ExpressionNode node, BoundNubType? expectedType = null)
    {
        return node switch
        {
            AddressOfNode expression => BindAddressOf(expression),
            AnonymousFuncNode expression => BindAnonymousFunc(expression),
            ArrayIndexAccessNode expression => BindArrayIndexAccess(expression),
            ArrayInitializerNode expression => BindArrayInitializer(expression),
            BinaryExpressionNode expression => BindBinaryExpression(expression),
            DereferenceNode expression => BindDereference(expression),
            FuncCallNode expression => BindFuncCall(expression),
            IdentifierNode expression => BindIdentifier(expression),
            LiteralNode expression => BindLiteral(expression, expectedType),
            MemberAccessNode expression => BindMemberAccess(expression),
            StructInitializerNode expression => BindStructInitializer(expression),
            Node_UnaryExpressionNode expression => BindUnaryExpression(expression),
            _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(node))
        };
    }

    private BoundAddressOfNode BindAddressOf(AddressOfNode expression)
    {
        var inner = BindExpression(expression.Expression);
        return new BoundAddressOfNode(expression.Tokens, new BoundNubPointerType(inner.Type), inner);
    }

    private BoundAnonymousFuncNode BindAnonymousFunc(AnonymousFuncNode expression)
    {
        var parameters = new List<BoundFuncParameterNode>();

        foreach (var parameter in expression.Parameters)
        {
            parameters.Add(new BoundFuncParameterNode(parameter.Tokens, parameter.Name, BindType(parameter.Type)));
        }

        var body = BindBlock(expression.Body);

        return new BoundAnonymousFuncNode(expression.Tokens, new BoundNubFuncType(BindType(expression.ReturnType), parameters.Select(x => x.Type).ToList()), parameters, body, BindType(expression.ReturnType));
    }

    private BoundArrayIndexAccessNode BindArrayIndexAccess(ArrayIndexAccessNode expression)
    {
        var boundArray = BindExpression(expression.Target);
        var elementType = ((BoundNubArrayType)boundArray.Type).ElementType;
        return new BoundArrayIndexAccessNode(expression.Tokens, elementType, boundArray, BindExpression(expression.Index, BoundNubPrimitiveType.U64));
    }

    private BoundArrayInitializerNode BindArrayInitializer(ArrayInitializerNode expression)
    {
        return new BoundArrayInitializerNode(expression.Tokens, new BoundNubArrayType(BindType(expression.ElementType)), BindExpression(expression.Capacity, BoundNubPrimitiveType.U64), BindType(expression.ElementType));
    }

    private BoundBinaryExpressionNode BindBinaryExpression(BinaryExpressionNode expression)
    {
        var boundLeft = BindExpression(expression.Left);
        var boundRight = BindExpression(expression.Right, boundLeft.Type);
        return new BoundBinaryExpressionNode(expression.Tokens, boundLeft.Type, boundLeft, expression.Operator, boundRight);
    }

    private BoundDereferenceNode BindDereference(DereferenceNode expression)
    {
        var boundExpression = BindExpression(expression.Expression);
        var dereferencedType = ((BoundNubPointerType)boundExpression.Type).BaseType;
        return new BoundDereferenceNode(expression.Tokens, dereferencedType, boundExpression);
    }

    private BoundFuncCallNode BindFuncCall(FuncCallNode expression)
    {
        var boundExpression = BindExpression(expression.Expression);

        var funcType = (BoundNubFuncType)boundExpression.Type;

        var parameters = new List<BoundExpressionNode>();

        foreach (var (i, parameter) in expression.Parameters.Index())
        {
            if (i >= funcType.Parameters.Count)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException("Diagnostics not implemented");
            }

            var expectedType = funcType.Parameters[i];

            parameters.Add(BindExpression(parameter, expectedType));
        }

        return new BoundFuncCallNode(expression.Tokens, funcType.ReturnType, boundExpression, parameters);
    }

    private BoundExpressionNode BindIdentifier(IdentifierNode expression)
    {
        var @namespace = expression.Namespace.Or(_syntaxTree.Namespace);
        var localFuncs = _definitionTable.LookupLocalFunc(@namespace, expression.Name).ToArray();
        if (localFuncs.Length > 0)
        {
            if (localFuncs.Length > 1)
            {
                throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Extern func {expression.Namespace}::{expression.Name} has multiple definitions").Build());
            }

            var localFunc = localFuncs[0];

            var type = new NubFuncType(localFunc.ReturnType, localFunc.Parameters.Select(p => p.Type).ToList());
            return new BoundLocalFuncIdentNode(expression.Tokens, BindType(type), @namespace, expression.Name);
        }

        var externFuncs = _definitionTable.LookupExternFunc(@namespace, expression.Name).ToArray();
        if (externFuncs.Length > 0)
        {
            if (externFuncs.Length > 1)
            {
                throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Extern func {expression.Namespace}::{expression.Name} has multiple definitions").Build());
            }

            var externFunc = externFuncs[0];

            var type = new NubFuncType(externFunc.ReturnType, externFunc.Parameters.Select(p => p.Type).ToList());
            return new BoundExternFuncIdentNode(expression.Tokens, BindType(type), @namespace, expression.Name);
        }

        if (!expression.Namespace.HasValue)
        {
            return new BoundVariableIdentNode(expression.Tokens, _variables[expression.Name], expression.Name);
        }

        throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"No identifier with then name {(expression.Namespace.HasValue ? $"{expression.Namespace.Value}::" : "")}{expression.Name} exists").Build());
    }

    private BoundLiteralNode BindLiteral(LiteralNode expression, BoundNubType? expectedType = null)
    {
        var type = expectedType ?? expression.Kind switch
        {
            LiteralKind.Integer => BoundNubPrimitiveType.I64,
            LiteralKind.Float => BoundNubPrimitiveType.F64,
            LiteralKind.String => new BoundNubStringType(),
            LiteralKind.Bool => BoundNubPrimitiveType.Bool,
            _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
        };

        return new BoundLiteralNode(expression.Tokens, type, expression.Literal, expression.Kind);
    }

    private BoundExpressionNode BindMemberAccess(MemberAccessNode expression)
    {
        var boundExpression = BindExpression(expression.Target);

        var traitFuncImpls = _definitionTable.LookupTraitFuncImpl(UnbindType(boundExpression.Type), expression.Member).ToArray();
        if (traitFuncImpls.Length > 0)
        {
            if (traitFuncImpls.Length > 1)
            {
                throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Type {boundExpression.Type} implements multiple traits  with the function {expression.Member}").Build());
            }

            var impl = traitFuncImpls[0];

            var type = new BoundNubFuncType(BindType(impl.ReturnType), impl.Parameters.Select(p => BindType(p.Type)).ToList());
            return new BoundTraitImplFuncAccessNode(expression.Tokens, type, boundExpression, expression.Member);
        }

        if (boundExpression.Type is BoundNubTraitType traitType)
        {
            var traits = _definitionTable.LookupTrait(traitType.Namespace, traitType.Name).ToArray();
            if (traits.Length > 0)
            {
                if (traits.Length > 1)
                {
                    throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Trait {traitType.Namespace}::{traitType.Name} has multiple definitions").Build());
                }

                var trait = traits[0];

                var traitFuncs = _definitionTable.LookupTraitFunc(trait, expression.Member).ToArray();
                if (traits.Length > 0)
                {
                    if (traits.Length > 1)
                    {
                        throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Trait {trait.Namespace}::{trait.Name} has multiple functions with the name {expression.Member}").Build());
                    }

                    var traitFunc = traitFuncs[0];

                    var type = new BoundNubFuncType(BindType(traitFunc.ReturnType), traitFunc.Parameters.Select(p => BindType(p.Type)).ToList());
                    return new BoundTraitFuncAccessNode(expression.Tokens, type, traitType, boundExpression, expression.Member);
                }
            }
        }

        if (boundExpression.Type is BoundNubStructType structType)
        {
            var structs = _definitionTable.LookupStruct(structType.Namespace, structType.Name).ToArray();
            if (structs.Length > 0)
            {
                if (structs.Length > 1)
                {
                    throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Struct {structType.Namespace}::{structType.Name} has multiple definitions").Build());
                }

                var @struct = structs[0];

                var fields = _definitionTable.LookupStructField(@struct, expression.Member).ToArray();
                if (fields.Length > 0)
                {
                    if (fields.Length > 1)
                    {
                        throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Struct {@struct.Namespace}::{@struct.Name} has multiple fields with the name {expression.Member}").Build());
                    }

                    var field = fields[0];

                    return new BoundStructFieldAccessNode(expression.Tokens, BindType(field.Type), structType, boundExpression, expression.Member);
                }
            }
        }

        throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"{boundExpression.Type} does not have a member with the name {expression.Member}").Build());
    }

    private BoundStructInitializerNode BindStructInitializer(StructInitializerNode expression)
    {
        if (expression.StructType is not NubCustomType structType)
        {
            throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Cannot initialize non-struct type {expression.StructType}").Build());
        }

        var structs = _definitionTable.LookupStruct(structType.Namespace, structType.Name).ToArray();

        if (structs.Length == 0)
        {
            throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Struct {structType.Namespace}::{structType.Name} is not defined").Build());
        }

        if (structs.Length > 1)
        {
            throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Struct {structType.Namespace}::{structType.Name} has multiple definitions").Build());
        }

        var @struct = structs[0];

        var initializers = new Dictionary<string, BoundExpressionNode>();

        foreach (var (field, initializer) in expression.Initializers)
        {
            var fields = _definitionTable.LookupStructField(@struct, field).ToArray();

            if (fields.Length == 0)
            {
                throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Struct {@struct.Namespace}::{@struct.Name} does not have a field with the name {field}").Build());
            }

            if (fields.Length > 1)
            {
                throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Struct {@struct.Namespace}::{@struct.Name} has multiple fields with the name {field}").Build());
            }

            initializers[field] = BindExpression(initializer, BindType(fields[0].Type));
        }

        return new BoundStructInitializerNode(expression.Tokens, BindType(structType), new BoundNubStructType(@struct.Namespace, @struct.Name), initializers);
    }

    private BoundUnaryExpressionNode BindUnaryExpression(Node_UnaryExpressionNode expression)
    {
        var boundOperand = BindExpression(expression.Operand);

        BoundNubType? type = null;

        switch (expression.Operator)
        {
            case UnaryExpressionOperator.Negate:
            {
                boundOperand = BindExpression(expression.Operand, BoundNubPrimitiveType.I64);

                if (boundOperand.Type.IsNumber)
                {
                    type = boundOperand.Type;
                }

                break;
            }
            case UnaryExpressionOperator.Invert:
            {
                boundOperand = BindExpression(expression.Operand, BoundNubPrimitiveType.Bool);

                type = new BoundNubPrimitiveType(PrimitiveTypeKind.Bool);
                break;
            }
        }

        if (type == null)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException("Diagnostics not implemented");
        }

        return new BoundUnaryExpressionNode(expression.Tokens, type, expression.Operator, boundOperand);
    }

    private BoundNubType BindType(NubType type)
    {
        switch (type)
        {
            case NubCustomType customType:
            {
                var structs = _definitionTable.LookupStruct(customType.Namespace, customType.Name).ToArray();
                if (structs.Length > 1)
                {
                    throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Struct {type} has multiple definitions").Build());
                }

                var traits = _definitionTable.LookupTrait(customType.Namespace, customType.Name).ToArray();
                if (traits.Length > 1)
                {
                    throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Trait {type} has multiple definitions").Build());
                }

                if (structs.Length == 0 && traits.Length == 0)
                {
                    throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Failed to resolve type {type} to a struct or trait").Build());
                }

                if (structs.Length > 0 && traits.Length > 0)
                {
                    throw new BindException(Diagnostic.Error($"Unable to determine if type {type} is a struct or trait").WithHelp($"Make {type} is not defined as bot a struct and trait").Build());
                }

                if (structs.Length == 1)
                {
                    return new BoundNubStructType(customType.Namespace, customType.Name);
                }

                if (traits.Length == 1)
                {
                    return new BoundNubTraitType(customType.Namespace, customType.Name);
                }

                throw new UnreachableException();
            }
            case NubArrayType arrayType:
                return new BoundNubArrayType(BindType(arrayType.ElementType));
            case NubCStringType:
                return new BoundNubCStringType();
            case NubStringType:
                return new BoundNubStringType();
            case NubFuncType funcType:
                return new BoundNubFuncType(BindType(funcType.ReturnType), funcType.Parameters.Select(BindType).ToList());
            case NubPointerType pointerType:
                return new BoundNubPointerType(BindType(pointerType.BaseType));
            case NubPrimitiveType primitiveType:
                return new BoundNubPrimitiveType(primitiveType.Kind);
            case NubVoidType:
                return new BoundNubVoidType();
            default:
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type));
        }
    }

    private NubType UnbindType(BoundNubType type)
    {
        return type switch
        {
            BoundNubArrayType arrayType => new NubArrayType(UnbindType(arrayType.ElementType)),
            BoundNubCStringType => new NubCStringType(),
            BoundNubStringType => new NubStringType(),
            BoundNubStructType structType => new NubCustomType(structType.Namespace, structType.Name),
            BoundNubTraitType traitType => new NubCustomType(traitType.Namespace, traitType.Name),
            BoundNubFuncType funcType => new NubFuncType(UnbindType(funcType.ReturnType), funcType.Parameters.Select(UnbindType).ToList()),
            BoundNubPointerType pointerType => new NubPointerType(UnbindType(pointerType.BaseType)),
            BoundNubPrimitiveType primitiveType => new NubPrimitiveType(primitiveType.Kind),
            BoundNubVoidType => new NubVoidType(),
            _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type))
        };
    }
}

public class BindException : Exception
{
    public Diagnostic Diagnostic { get; }

    public BindException(Diagnostic diagnostic) : base(diagnostic.Message)
    {
        Diagnostic = diagnostic;
    }
}