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nub-lang-archive-2/src/compiler/Nub.Lang/Backend/Generator.cs
nub31 66fd6e3beb ...
2025-05-11 18:15:29 +02:00

626 lines
23 KiB
C#

using System.Text;
using Nub.Lang.Frontend.Parsing;
namespace Nub.Lang.Backend;
public class Generator
{
private readonly List<DefinitionNode> _definitions;
private readonly StringBuilder _builder = new();
private readonly Dictionary<string, int> _prefixIndexes = new();
private readonly Dictionary<string, Variable> _variables = new();
private readonly List<string> _strings = [];
private readonly Stack<string> _breakLabels = new();
private readonly Stack<string> _continueLabels = new();
private bool _codeIsReachable = true;
public Generator(List<DefinitionNode> definitions)
{
_definitions = definitions;
}
public string Generate()
{
foreach (var structDefinition in _definitions.OfType<StructDefinitionNode>())
{
GenerateStructDefinition(structDefinition);
_builder.AppendLine();
}
foreach (var funcDefinition in _definitions.OfType<LocalFuncDefinitionNode>())
{
GenerateFuncDefinition(funcDefinition);
_builder.AppendLine();
}
for (var i = 0; i < _strings.Count; i++)
{
var str = _strings[i];
_builder.AppendLine($"data $str{i + 1} = {{ b \"{str}\", b 0 }}");
}
return _builder.ToString();
}
private string QbeTypeName(NubType type)
{
if (type.Equals(NubType.Int32) || type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
return "w";
}
return "l";
}
private int QbeTypeSize(NubType type)
{
if (type.Equals(NubType.Int32) || type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
return 4;
}
return 8;
}
private void GenerateFuncDefinition(LocalFuncDefinitionNode node)
{
_variables.Clear();
foreach (var parameter in node.Parameters)
{
_variables.Add(parameter.Name, new Variable
{
Identifier = $"%{parameter.Name}",
Type = parameter.Type
});
}
if (node.Global)
{
_builder.Append("export ");
}
_builder.Append("function ");
if (node.ReturnType.HasValue)
{
_builder.Append($"{QbeTypeName(node.ReturnType.Value)} ");
}
_builder.Append('$');
_builder.Append(node.Name);
_builder.AppendLine($"({string.Join(", ", node.Parameters.Select(p => $"{QbeTypeName(p.Type)} %{p.Name}"))}) {{");
_builder.AppendLine("@start");
GenerateBlock(node.Body);
if (!node.ReturnType.HasValue)
{
_builder.AppendLine(" ret");
}
_builder.AppendLine("}");
}
private void GenerateStructDefinition(StructDefinitionNode structDefinition)
{
var fields = structDefinition.Fields.Select(f => QbeTypeName(f.Type));
_builder.AppendLine($"type :{structDefinition.Name} = {{ {string.Join(", ", fields)} }}");
}
private void GenerateBlock(BlockNode block)
{
foreach (var statement in block.Statements.Where(_ => _codeIsReachable))
{
GenerateStatement(statement);
}
_codeIsReachable = true;
}
private void GenerateStatement(StatementNode statement)
{
switch (statement)
{
case BreakNode:
GenerateBreak();
break;
case ContinueNode:
GenerateContinue();
break;
case FuncCallStatementNode funcCallStatement:
GenerateStatementFuncCall(funcCallStatement);
break;
case IfNode ifStatement:
GenerateIf(ifStatement);
break;
case ReturnNode @return:
GenerateReturn(@return);
break;
case VariableAssignmentNode variableAssignment:
GenerateVariableAssignment(variableAssignment);
break;
case VariableReassignmentNode variableReassignment:
GenerateVariableReassignment(variableReassignment);
break;
case WhileNode whileStatement:
GenerateWhile(whileStatement);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(statement));
}
}
private void GenerateBreak()
{
_builder.AppendLine($" jmp @{_breakLabels.Peek()}");
_codeIsReachable = false;
}
private void GenerateContinue()
{
_builder.AppendLine($" jmp @{_continueLabels.Peek()}");
_codeIsReachable = false;
}
private void GenerateStatementFuncCall(FuncCallStatementNode funcCall)
{
var results = new List<(string, NubType)>();
foreach (var parameter in funcCall.FuncCall.Parameters)
{
results.Add((GenerateExpression(parameter), parameter.Type));
}
var parameters = results.Select(p => $"{QbeTypeName(p.Item2)} {p.Item1}");
_builder.AppendLine($" call ${funcCall.FuncCall.Name}({string.Join(", ", parameters)})");
}
private void GenerateIf(IfNode ifStatement)
{
var trueLabel = GenName("true");
var falseLabel = GenName("false");
var endLabel = GenName("endif");
var result = GenerateExpression(ifStatement.Condition);
_builder.AppendLine($" jnz {result}, @{trueLabel}, @{falseLabel}");
_builder.AppendLine($"@{trueLabel}");
GenerateBlock(ifStatement.Body);
_builder.AppendLine($" jmp @{endLabel}");
_builder.AppendLine($"@{falseLabel}");
if (ifStatement.Else.HasValue)
{
ifStatement.Else.Value.Match
(
GenerateIf,
GenerateBlock
);
}
_builder.AppendLine($"@{endLabel}");
}
private void GenerateReturn(ReturnNode @return)
{
if (@return.Value.HasValue)
{
var result = GenerateExpression(@return.Value.Value);
_builder.AppendLine($" ret {result}");
}
else
{
_builder.AppendLine(" ret");
}
}
private void GenerateVariableAssignment(VariableAssignmentNode variableAssignment)
{
var result = GenerateExpression(variableAssignment.Value);
_variables[variableAssignment.Name] = new Variable
{
Identifier = result,
Type = variableAssignment.Value.Type
};
}
private void GenerateVariableReassignment(VariableReassignmentNode variableReassignment)
{
var result = GenerateExpression(variableReassignment.Value);
_variables[variableReassignment.Name] = new Variable
{
Identifier = result,
Type = variableReassignment.Value.Type
};
}
private void GenerateWhile(WhileNode whileStatement)
{
var conditionLabel = GenName("condition");
var iterationLabel = GenName("iteration");
var endLabel = GenName("endloop");
_breakLabels.Push(endLabel);
_continueLabels.Push(conditionLabel);
_builder.AppendLine($" jmp @{conditionLabel}");
_builder.AppendLine($"@{iterationLabel}");
GenerateBlock(whileStatement.Body);
_builder.AppendLine($"@{conditionLabel}");
var result = GenerateExpression(whileStatement.Condition);
_builder.AppendLine($" jnz {result}, @{iterationLabel}, @{endLabel}");
_builder.AppendLine($"@{endLabel}");
_continueLabels.Pop();
_breakLabels.Pop();
}
private string GenerateExpression(ExpressionNode expression)
{
switch (expression)
{
case BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpression:
return GenerateBinaryExpression(binaryExpression);
case FuncCallExpressionNode funcCallExpression:
return GenerateExpressionFuncCall(funcCallExpression);
case IdentifierNode identifier:
return GenerateIdentifier(identifier);
case LiteralNode literal:
return GenerateLiteral(literal);
case StructInitializerNode structInitializer:
return GenerateStructInitializer(structInitializer);
case StructFieldAccessorNode structMemberAccessor:
return GenerateStructFieldAccessor(structMemberAccessor);
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(expression));
}
}
private string GenerateStructFieldAccessor(StructFieldAccessorNode structFieldAccessor)
{
var structType = structFieldAccessor.Struct.Type;
var structDefinition = _definitions
.OfType<StructDefinitionNode>()
.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Name == structType.Name);
if (structDefinition == null)
{
throw new Exception($"Struct {structType.Name} is not defined");
}
var @struct = GenerateExpression(structFieldAccessor.Struct);
var fieldIndex = -1;
for (var i = 0; i < structDefinition.Fields.Count; i++)
{
if (structDefinition.Fields[i].Name == structFieldAccessor.Field)
{
fieldIndex = i;
break;
}
}
if (fieldIndex == -1)
{
throw new Exception($"Field {structFieldAccessor.Field} is not defined in struct {structType.Name}");
}
var offsetLabel = GenName("offset");
_builder.AppendLine($" %{offsetLabel} ={QbeTypeName(structFieldAccessor.Type)} add {@struct}, {fieldIndex * QbeTypeSize(structFieldAccessor.Type)}");
var outputLabel = GenName("field");
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} ={QbeTypeName(structFieldAccessor.Type)} load{QbeTypeName(structFieldAccessor.Type)} %{offsetLabel}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
private string GenerateBinaryExpression(BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpression)
{
var left = GenerateExpression(binaryExpression.Left);
var right = GenerateExpression(binaryExpression.Right);
var outputLabel = GenName();
switch (binaryExpression.Operator)
{
case BinaryExpressionOperator.Equal:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w ceql {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w ceqw {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.String) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.String))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w call $nub_strcmp(l {left}, l {right})");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w ceqw {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.NotEqual:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w cnel {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w cnew {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.String) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.String))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w call $nub_strcmp(l {left}, l {right})");
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w xor %{outputLabel}, 1");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w cnew {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.GreaterThan:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csgtl {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csgtw {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csgtw {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csgel {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csgew {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csgew {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.LessThan:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csltl {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csltw {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w csltw {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.LessThanOrEqual:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w cslel {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w cslew {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w cslew {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.Plus:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =l add {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w add {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.Minus:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =l sub {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w sub {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.Multiply:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =l mul {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w mul {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
case BinaryExpressionOperator.Divide:
{
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =l div {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
if (binaryExpression.Left.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32) && binaryExpression.Right.Type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
_builder.AppendLine($" %{outputLabel} =w div {left}, {right}");
return $"%{outputLabel}";
}
break;
}
default:
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
throw new NotSupportedException($"Binary operator {binaryExpression.Operator} for types left: {binaryExpression.Left.Type}, right: {binaryExpression.Right.Type} not supported");
}
private string GenerateIdentifier(IdentifierNode identifier)
{
return _variables[identifier.Identifier].Identifier;
}
private string GenerateLiteral(LiteralNode literal)
{
if (literal.LiteralType.Equals(NubType.String))
{
_strings.Add(literal.Literal);
return $"$str{_strings.Count}";
}
if (literal.LiteralType.Equals(NubType.Int64) || literal.LiteralType.Equals(NubType.Int32))
{
return literal.Literal;
}
if (literal.LiteralType.Equals(NubType.Bool))
{
return bool.Parse(literal.Literal) ? "1" : "0";
}
throw new NotSupportedException($"Literal {literal.LiteralType} is not supported");
}
private string GenerateStructInitializer(StructInitializerNode structInitializer)
{
var structDefinition = _definitions.OfType<StructDefinitionNode>()
.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Name == structInitializer.StructType.Name);
if (structDefinition == null)
{
throw new Exception($"Struct {structInitializer.StructType.Name} is not defined");
}
var structVar = GenName("struct");
var size = structDefinition.Fields.Sum(x => QbeTypeSize(x.Type));
_builder.AppendLine($" %{structVar} =l alloc8 {size}");
for (var i = 0; i < structDefinition.Fields.Count; i++)
{
var field = structDefinition.Fields[i];
if (structInitializer.Initializers.TryGetValue(field.Name, out var fieldValue))
{
var var = GenerateExpression(fieldValue);
var offsetLabel = GenName("offset");
_builder.AppendLine($" %{offsetLabel} =l add %{structVar}, {i * QbeTypeSize(field.Type)}");
_builder.AppendLine($" store{QbeTypeName(field.Type)} {var}, %{offsetLabel}");
}
else if (field.Value.HasValue)
{
var var = GenerateExpression(field.Value.Value);
var offsetLabel = GenName("offset");
_builder.AppendLine($" %{offsetLabel} =l add %{structVar}, {i * QbeTypeSize(field.Type)}");
_builder.AppendLine($" store{QbeTypeName(field.Type)} {var}, %{offsetLabel}");
}
else
{
throw new Exception($"Field {field.Name} on struct {structInitializer.StructType.Name} is not initialized");
}
}
return $"%{structVar}";
}
private string GenerateExpressionFuncCall(FuncCallExpressionNode funcCall)
{
var results = new List<(string, NubType)>();
foreach (var parameter in funcCall.FuncCall.Parameters)
{
results.Add((GenerateExpression(parameter), parameter.Type));
}
var parameters = results.Select(p => $"{QbeTypeName(p.Item2)} {p.Item1}");
var output = GenName();
_builder.AppendLine($" %{output} ={QbeTypeName(funcCall.Type)} call ${funcCall.FuncCall.Name}({string.Join(", ", parameters)})");
return $"%{output}";
}
private string GenName(string prefix = "v")
{
var index = _prefixIndexes.GetValueOrDefault(prefix, 0);
_prefixIndexes[prefix] = index + 1;
return $"{prefix}{index}";
}
private class Variable
{
public required string Identifier { get; init; }
public required NubType Type { get; init; }
}
}