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nub-lang-archive-2/compiler/NubLang/Generation/Generator.cs
nub31 caacf3d402 ...
2025-10-22 20:16:50 +02:00

648 lines
23 KiB
C#

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text;
using NubLang.Ast;
using NubLang.Syntax;
namespace NubLang.Generation;
public class Generator
{
private readonly CompilationUnit _compilationUnit;
private readonly IndentedTextWriter _writer;
private readonly Stack<List<DeferNode>> _deferStack = [];
private int _tmpIndex;
public Generator(CompilationUnit compilationUnit)
{
_compilationUnit = compilationUnit;
_writer = new IndentedTextWriter();
}
// todo(nub31): Handle name collisions
private string NewTmp()
{
return $"_t{++_tmpIndex}";
}
private static string FuncName(string module, string name, string? externSymbol)
{
return externSymbol ?? $"{module}_{name}";
}
private static string StructName(string module, string name)
{
return $"{module}_{name}";
}
public string Emit()
{
_writer.WriteLine("""
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stddef.h>
typedef struct
{
size_t length;
char *data;
} string;
typedef struct
{
size_t length;
void *data;
} slice;
""");
foreach (var structType in _compilationUnit.ImportedStructTypes)
{
_writer.WriteLine("typedef struct");
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
foreach (var field in structType.Fields)
{
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(field.Type, field.Name, constArraysAsPointers: false)};");
}
}
_writer.WriteLine($"}} {StructName(structType.Module, structType.Name)};");
_writer.WriteLine();
}
// note(nub31): Forward declarations
foreach (var prototype in _compilationUnit.ImportedFunctions)
{
EmitLine(prototype.Tokens.FirstOrDefault());
var parameters = prototype.Parameters.Count != 0
? string.Join(", ", prototype.Parameters.Select(x => CType.Create(x.Type, x.Name)))
: "void";
var name = FuncName(prototype.Module, prototype.Name, prototype.ExternSymbol);
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(prototype.ReturnType, name)}({parameters});");
_writer.WriteLine();
}
// note(nub31): Normal functions
foreach (var funcNode in _compilationUnit.Functions)
{
if (funcNode.Body == null) continue;
EmitLine(funcNode.Tokens.FirstOrDefault());
var parameters = funcNode.Prototype.Parameters.Count != 0
? string.Join(", ", funcNode.Prototype.Parameters.Select(x => CType.Create(x.Type, x.Name)))
: "void";
var name = FuncName(funcNode.Module, funcNode.Name, funcNode.Prototype.ExternSymbol);
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(funcNode.Prototype.ReturnType, name)}({parameters})");
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
EmitBlock(funcNode.Body);
}
_writer.WriteLine("}");
_writer.WriteLine();
}
return _writer.ToString();
}
private void EmitStatement(StatementNode statementNode)
{
EmitLine(statementNode.Tokens.FirstOrDefault());
switch (statementNode)
{
case AssignmentNode assignmentNode:
EmitAssignment(assignmentNode);
break;
case BlockNode blockNode:
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
EmitBlock(blockNode);
}
_writer.WriteLine("{");
break;
case BreakNode breakNode:
EmitBreak(breakNode);
break;
case ContinueNode continueNode:
EmitContinue(continueNode);
break;
case DeferNode deferNode:
EmitDefer(deferNode);
break;
case ForConstArrayNode forConstArrayNode:
EmitForConstArray(forConstArrayNode);
break;
case ForSliceNode forSliceNode:
EmitForSlice(forSliceNode);
break;
case IfNode ifNode:
EmitIf(ifNode);
break;
case ReturnNode returnNode:
EmitReturn(returnNode);
break;
case StatementFuncCallNode statementFuncCallNode:
EmitStatementFuncCall(statementFuncCallNode);
break;
case VariableDeclarationNode variableDeclarationNode:
EmitVariableDeclaration(variableDeclarationNode);
break;
case WhileNode whileNode:
EmitWhile(whileNode);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(statementNode));
}
}
private void EmitLine(Token? token)
{
if (token == null) return;
var file = token.Span.FilePath;
var line = token.Span.Start.Line;
_writer.WriteLine($"#line {line} \"{file}\"");
}
private void EmitAssignment(AssignmentNode assignmentNode)
{
var target = EmitExpression(assignmentNode.Target);
var value = EmitExpression(assignmentNode.Value);
_writer.WriteLine($"{target} = {value};");
}
private void EmitBreak(BreakNode _)
{
// todo(nub31): Emit deferred statements
_writer.WriteLine("break;");
}
private void EmitContinue(ContinueNode _)
{
// todo(nub31): Emit deferred statements
_writer.WriteLine("continue;");
}
private void EmitDefer(DeferNode deferNode)
{
_deferStack.Peek().Add(deferNode);
}
private void EmitForSlice(ForSliceNode forSliceNode)
{
var targetType = (NubSliceType)forSliceNode.Target.Type;
var target = EmitExpression(forSliceNode.Target);
var indexName = forSliceNode.IndexName ?? NewTmp();
_writer.WriteLine($"for (size_t {indexName} = 0; {indexName} < {target}.length; ++{indexName})");
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(targetType.ElementType, forSliceNode.ElementName)} = (({CType.Create(targetType.ElementType)}*){target}.data)[{indexName}];");
EmitBlock(forSliceNode.Body);
}
_writer.WriteLine("}");
}
private void EmitForConstArray(ForConstArrayNode forConstArrayNode)
{
var targetType = (NubConstArrayType)forConstArrayNode.Target.Type;
var target = EmitExpression(forConstArrayNode.Target);
var indexName = forConstArrayNode.IndexName ?? NewTmp();
_writer.WriteLine($"for (size_t {indexName} = 0; {indexName} < {targetType.Size}; ++{indexName})");
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(targetType.ElementType, forConstArrayNode.ElementName)} = {target}[{indexName}];");
EmitBlock(forConstArrayNode.Body);
}
_writer.WriteLine("}");
}
private void EmitIf(IfNode ifNode, bool elseIf = false)
{
var condition = EmitExpression(ifNode.Condition);
_writer.WriteLine($"{(elseIf ? "else " : "")}if ({condition})");
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
EmitBlock(ifNode.Body);
}
_writer.WriteLine("}");
ifNode.Else?.Match
(
elseIfNode => EmitIf(elseIfNode, true),
elseNode =>
{
_writer.WriteLine("else");
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
EmitBlock(elseNode);
}
_writer.WriteLine("}");
}
);
}
private void EmitReturn(ReturnNode returnNode)
{
if (returnNode.Value == null)
{
var blockDefers = _deferStack.Peek();
for (var i = blockDefers.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
EmitStatement(blockDefers[i].Statement);
}
_writer.WriteLine("return;");
}
else
{
var returnValue = EmitExpression(returnNode.Value);
if (_deferStack.Peek().Count != 0)
{
var tmp = NewTmp();
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(returnNode.Value.Type, tmp)} = {returnValue};");
var blockDefers = _deferStack.Peek();
for (var i = blockDefers.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
EmitStatement(blockDefers[i].Statement);
}
EmitLine(returnNode.Tokens.FirstOrDefault());
_writer.WriteLine($"return {tmp};");
}
else
{
EmitLine(returnNode.Tokens.FirstOrDefault());
_writer.WriteLine($"return {returnValue};");
}
}
}
private void EmitStatementFuncCall(StatementFuncCallNode statementFuncCallNode)
{
var funcCall = EmitFuncCall(statementFuncCallNode.FuncCall);
_writer.WriteLine($"{funcCall};");
}
private void EmitVariableDeclaration(VariableDeclarationNode variableDeclarationNode)
{
if (variableDeclarationNode.Assignment != null)
{
var value = EmitExpression(variableDeclarationNode.Assignment);
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(variableDeclarationNode.Type, variableDeclarationNode.Name)} = {value};");
}
else
{
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(variableDeclarationNode.Type, variableDeclarationNode.Name)};");
}
}
private void EmitWhile(WhileNode whileNode)
{
var condition = EmitExpression(whileNode.Condition);
_writer.WriteLine($"while ({condition})");
_writer.WriteLine("{");
using (_writer.Indent())
{
EmitBlock(whileNode.Body);
}
_writer.WriteLine("}");
}
private string EmitExpression(ExpressionNode expressionNode)
{
if (expressionNode is IntermediateExpression)
{
throw new UnreachableException("Type checker fucked up");
}
var expr = expressionNode switch
{
ArrayIndexAccessNode arrayIndexAccessNode => EmitArrayIndexAccess(arrayIndexAccessNode),
ArrayInitializerNode arrayInitializerNode => EmitArrayInitializer(arrayInitializerNode),
BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpressionNode => EmitBinaryExpression(binaryExpressionNode),
BoolLiteralNode boolLiteralNode => boolLiteralNode.Value ? "true" : "false",
ConstArrayIndexAccessNode constArrayIndexAccessNode => EmitConstArrayIndexAccess(constArrayIndexAccessNode),
ConstArrayInitializerNode constArrayInitializerNode => EmitConstArrayInitializer(constArrayInitializerNode),
ConstArrayToSliceNode constArrayToSliceNode => EmitConstArrayToSlice(constArrayToSliceNode),
ConvertCStringToStringNode convertCStringToStringNode => EmitConvertCStringToString(convertCStringToStringNode),
ConvertFloatNode convertFloatNode => EmitConvertFloat(convertFloatNode),
ConvertIntNode convertIntNode => EmitConvertInt(convertIntNode),
CStringLiteralNode cStringLiteralNode => $"\"{cStringLiteralNode.Value}\"",
DereferenceNode dereferenceNode => EmitDereference(dereferenceNode),
Float32LiteralNode float32LiteralNode => EmitFloat32Literal(float32LiteralNode),
Float64LiteralNode float64LiteralNode => EmitFloat64Literal(float64LiteralNode),
FloatToIntBuiltinNode floatToIntBuiltinNode => EmitFloatToIntBuiltin(floatToIntBuiltinNode),
FuncCallNode funcCallNode => EmitFuncCall(funcCallNode),
FuncIdentifierNode funcIdentifierNode => FuncName(funcIdentifierNode.Module, funcIdentifierNode.Name, funcIdentifierNode.ExternSymbol),
AddressOfNode addressOfNode => EmitAddressOf(addressOfNode),
SizeBuiltinNode sizeBuiltinNode => $"sizeof({CType.Create(sizeBuiltinNode.TargetType)})",
SliceIndexAccessNode sliceIndexAccessNode => EmitSliceArrayIndexAccess(sliceIndexAccessNode),
StringLiteralNode stringLiteralNode => EmitStringLiteral(stringLiteralNode),
StructFieldAccessNode structFieldAccessNode => EmitStructFieldAccess(structFieldAccessNode),
StructInitializerNode structInitializerNode => EmitStructInitializer(structInitializerNode),
I8LiteralNode i8LiteralNode => EmitI8Literal(i8LiteralNode),
I16LiteralNode i16LiteralNode => EmitI16Literal(i16LiteralNode),
I32LiteralNode i32LiteralNode => EmitI32Literal(i32LiteralNode),
I64LiteralNode i64LiteralNode => EmitI64Literal(i64LiteralNode),
U8LiteralNode u8LiteralNode => EmitU8Literal(u8LiteralNode),
U16LiteralNode u16LiteralNode => EmitU16Literal(u16LiteralNode),
U32LiteralNode u32LiteralNode => EmitU32Literal(u32LiteralNode),
U64LiteralNode u64LiteralNode => EmitU64Literal(u64LiteralNode),
UnaryExpressionNode unaryExpressionNode => EmitUnaryExpression(unaryExpressionNode),
VariableIdentifierNode variableIdentifierNode => variableIdentifierNode.Name,
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(expressionNode))
};
return $"({expr})";
}
private string EmitArrayIndexAccess(ArrayIndexAccessNode arrayIndexAccessNode)
{
var target = EmitExpression(arrayIndexAccessNode.Target);
var index = EmitExpression(arrayIndexAccessNode.Index);
return $"{target}[{index}]";
}
private string EmitArrayInitializer(ArrayInitializerNode arrayInitializerNode)
{
var values = new List<string>();
foreach (var value in arrayInitializerNode.Values)
{
values.Add(EmitExpression(value));
}
var arrayType = (NubArrayType)arrayInitializerNode.Type;
var tmp = NewTmp();
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(arrayType.ElementType)} {tmp}[] = {{{string.Join(", ", values)}}};");
return tmp;
}
private string EmitBinaryExpression(BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpressionNode)
{
var left = EmitExpression(binaryExpressionNode.Left);
var right = EmitExpression(binaryExpressionNode.Right);
var op = binaryExpressionNode.Operator switch
{
BinaryOperator.Plus => "+",
BinaryOperator.Minus => "-",
BinaryOperator.Multiply => "*",
BinaryOperator.Divide => "/",
BinaryOperator.Modulo => "%",
BinaryOperator.Equal => "==",
BinaryOperator.NotEqual => "!=",
BinaryOperator.LessThan => "<",
BinaryOperator.LessThanOrEqual => "<=",
BinaryOperator.GreaterThan => ">",
BinaryOperator.GreaterThanOrEqual => ">=",
BinaryOperator.LogicalAnd => "&&",
BinaryOperator.LogicalOr => "||",
BinaryOperator.BitwiseAnd => "&",
BinaryOperator.BitwiseOr => "|",
BinaryOperator.BitwiseXor => "^",
BinaryOperator.LeftShift => "<<",
BinaryOperator.RightShift => ">>",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
};
return $"{left} {op} {right}";
}
private string EmitConstArrayIndexAccess(ConstArrayIndexAccessNode constArrayIndexAccessNode)
{
var target = EmitExpression(constArrayIndexAccessNode.Target);
var index = EmitExpression(constArrayIndexAccessNode.Index);
// todo(nub31): We can emit bounds checking here
return $"{target}[{index}]";
}
private string EmitConstArrayInitializer(ConstArrayInitializerNode arrayInitializerNode)
{
var values = new List<string>();
foreach (var value in arrayInitializerNode.Values)
{
values.Add(EmitExpression(value));
}
var arrayType = (NubConstArrayType)arrayInitializerNode.Type;
var tmp = NewTmp();
_writer.WriteLine($"{CType.Create(arrayType.ElementType)} {tmp}[{arrayType.Size}] = {{{string.Join(", ", values)}}};");
return tmp;
}
private string EmitConstArrayToSlice(ConstArrayToSliceNode constArrayToSliceNode)
{
var arrayType = (NubConstArrayType)constArrayToSliceNode.Array.Type;
var array = EmitExpression(constArrayToSliceNode.Array);
return $"(slice){{.length = {arrayType.Size}, .data = (void*){array}}}";
}
private string EmitConvertCStringToString(ConvertCStringToStringNode convertCStringToStringNode)
{
var value = EmitExpression(convertCStringToStringNode.Value);
return $"(string){{.length = strlen({value}), .data = {value}}}";
}
private string EmitConvertFloat(ConvertFloatNode convertFloatNode)
{
var value = EmitExpression(convertFloatNode.Value);
var targetCast = convertFloatNode.TargetWidth switch
{
32 => "f32",
64 => "f64",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
};
return $"({targetCast}){value}";
}
private string EmitConvertInt(ConvertIntNode convertIntNode)
{
var value = EmitExpression(convertIntNode.Value);
var targetType = convertIntNode.TargetWidth switch
{
8 => convertIntNode.TargetSignedness ? "int8_t" : "uint8_t",
16 => convertIntNode.TargetSignedness ? "int16_t" : "uint16_t",
32 => convertIntNode.TargetSignedness ? "int32_t" : "uint32_t",
64 => convertIntNode.TargetSignedness ? "int64_t" : "uint64_t",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
};
return $"({targetType}){value}";
}
private string EmitDereference(DereferenceNode dereferenceNode)
{
var pointer = EmitExpression(dereferenceNode.Target);
return $"*{pointer}";
}
private string EmitFloat32Literal(Float32LiteralNode float32LiteralNode)
{
var str = float32LiteralNode.Value.ToString("G9", System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
if (!str.Contains('.') && !str.Contains('e') && !str.Contains('E'))
{
str += ".0";
}
return str + "f";
}
private string EmitFloat64Literal(Float64LiteralNode float64LiteralNode)
{
var str = float64LiteralNode.Value.ToString("G17", System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
if (!str.Contains('.') && !str.Contains('e') && !str.Contains('E'))
{
str += ".0";
}
return str;
}
private string EmitFloatToIntBuiltin(FloatToIntBuiltinNode floatToIntBuiltinNode)
{
var value = EmitExpression(floatToIntBuiltinNode.Value);
var targetType = floatToIntBuiltinNode.TargetType.Width switch
{
8 => floatToIntBuiltinNode.TargetType.Signed ? "int8_t" : "uint8_t",
16 => floatToIntBuiltinNode.TargetType.Signed ? "int16_t" : "uint16_t",
32 => floatToIntBuiltinNode.TargetType.Signed ? "int32_t" : "uint32_t",
64 => floatToIntBuiltinNode.TargetType.Signed ? "int64_t" : "uint64_t",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
};
return $"({targetType}){value}";
}
private string EmitFuncCall(FuncCallNode funcCallNode)
{
var name = EmitExpression(funcCallNode.Expression);
var parameterNames = funcCallNode.Parameters.Select(EmitExpression).ToList();
return $"{name}({string.Join(", ", parameterNames)})";
}
private string EmitAddressOf(AddressOfNode addressOfNode)
{
var value = EmitExpression(addressOfNode.LValue);
return $"&{value}";
}
private string EmitSliceArrayIndexAccess(SliceIndexAccessNode sliceIndexAccessNode)
{
var targetType = (NubSliceType)sliceIndexAccessNode.Target.Type;
var target = EmitExpression(sliceIndexAccessNode.Target);
var index = EmitExpression(sliceIndexAccessNode.Index);
// todo(nub31): We can emit bounds checking here
return $"(({CType.Create(targetType.ElementType)}*){target}.data)[{index}]";
}
private string EmitStringLiteral(StringLiteralNode stringLiteralNode)
{
var length = Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(stringLiteralNode.Value);
return $"(string){{.length = {length}, .data = \"{stringLiteralNode.Value}\"}}";
}
private string EmitStructFieldAccess(StructFieldAccessNode structFieldAccessNode)
{
var structExpr = EmitExpression(structFieldAccessNode.Target);
return $"{structExpr}.{structFieldAccessNode.Field}";
}
private string EmitStructInitializer(StructInitializerNode structInitializerNode)
{
var initValues = new List<string>();
foreach (var initializer in structInitializerNode.Initializers)
{
var value = EmitExpression(initializer.Value);
initValues.Add($".{initializer.Key} = {value}");
}
var initString = initValues.Count == 0
? "0"
: string.Join(", ", initValues);
return $"({CType.Create(structInitializerNode.Type)}){{{initString}}}";
}
private string EmitI8Literal(I8LiteralNode i8LiteralNode)
{
return i8LiteralNode.Value.ToString();
}
private string EmitI16Literal(I16LiteralNode i16LiteralNode)
{
return i16LiteralNode.Value.ToString();
}
private string EmitI32Literal(I32LiteralNode i32LiteralNode)
{
return i32LiteralNode.Value.ToString();
}
private string EmitI64Literal(I64LiteralNode i64LiteralNode)
{
return i64LiteralNode.Value + "LL";
}
private string EmitU8Literal(U8LiteralNode u8LiteralNode)
{
return u8LiteralNode.Value.ToString();
}
private string EmitU16Literal(U16LiteralNode u16LiteralNode)
{
return u16LiteralNode.Value.ToString();
}
private string EmitU32Literal(U32LiteralNode u32LiteralNode)
{
return u32LiteralNode.Value.ToString();
}
private string EmitU64Literal(U64LiteralNode u64LiteralNode)
{
return u64LiteralNode.Value + "ULL";
}
private string EmitUnaryExpression(UnaryExpressionNode unaryExpressionNode)
{
var value = EmitExpression(unaryExpressionNode.Operand);
return unaryExpressionNode.Operator switch
{
UnaryOperator.Negate => $"-{value}",
UnaryOperator.Invert => $"!{value}",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
};
}
private void EmitBlock(BlockNode blockNode)
{
_deferStack.Push([]);
foreach (var statementNode in blockNode.Statements)
{
EmitStatement(statementNode);
}
var blockDefers = _deferStack.Pop();
for (var i = blockDefers.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
EmitStatement(blockDefers[i].Statement);
}
}
}