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nub-lang-archive-2/compiler/NubLang/Generation/QBEGenerator.cs
2025-10-02 14:23:09 +02:00

1270 lines
44 KiB
C#

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text;
using NubLang.Ast;
namespace NubLang.Generation;
public class QBEGenerator
{
private const int PTR_SIZE = 8;
private readonly QBEWriter _writer;
private readonly List<DefinitionNode> _definitions;
private readonly HashSet<NubStructType> _structTypes;
private readonly List<CStringLiteral> _cStringLiterals = [];
private readonly List<StringLiteral> _stringLiterals = [];
private readonly Stack<string> _breakLabels = [];
private readonly Stack<string> _continueLabels = [];
private readonly Stack<Scope> _scopes = new();
private int _tmpIndex;
private int _labelIndex;
private int _cStringLiteralIndex;
private int _stringLiteralIndex;
private Scope Scope => _scopes.Peek();
public QBEGenerator(List<DefinitionNode> definitions, HashSet<NubStructType> structTypes)
{
_definitions = definitions;
_structTypes = structTypes;
_writer = new QBEWriter();
}
public string Emit()
{
_cStringLiterals.Clear();
_stringLiterals.Clear();
_breakLabels.Clear();
_continueLabels.Clear();
_scopes.Clear();
_tmpIndex = 0;
_labelIndex = 0;
_cStringLiteralIndex = 0;
_stringLiteralIndex = 0;
_writer.Comment("========== Builtin functions ==========");
_writer.WriteLine("""
function l $.cstring_len(l %str) {
@start
%count =l copy 0
@loop
%address =l add %str, %count
%value =w loadub %address
jnz %value, @continue, @end
@continue
%count =l add %count, 1
jmp @loop
@end
ret %count
}
function $.memcpy(l %source, l %destination, l %length) {
@start
%count =l copy 0
@loop
%condition =w cultl %count, %length
jnz %condition, @continue, @end
@continue
%source_address =l add %source, %count
%destination_address =l add %destination, %count
%value =w loadub %source_address
storeb %value, %destination_address
%count =l add %count, 1
jmp @loop
@end
ret
}
function $.memset(l %destination, l %value, l %length) {
@start
%count =l copy 0
@loop
%condition =w cultl %count, %length
jnz %condition, @continue, @end
@continue
%destination_address =l add %destination, %count
storeb %value, %destination_address
%count =l add %count, 1
jmp @loop
@end
ret
}
function l $.array_size(l %array) {
@start
%size =l loadl %array
ret %size
}
""");
_writer.Comment("========== Referenced structs ==========");
foreach (var structType in _structTypes)
{
EmitStructType(structType);
}
_writer.NewLine();
_writer.Comment("========== Struct definitions ==========");
foreach (var structDef in _definitions.OfType<StructNode>())
{
EmitStructDefinition(structDef);
}
_writer.Comment("========== Function definitions ==========");
foreach (var funcDef in _definitions.OfType<FuncNode>())
{
EmitFuncDefinition(funcDef);
}
_writer.Comment("========== cstring literals ==========");
foreach (var cStringLiteral in _cStringLiterals)
{
_writer.WriteLine($"data {cStringLiteral.Name} = {{ b \"{cStringLiteral.Value}\", b 0 }}");
}
_writer.NewLine();
_writer.Comment("========== string literals ==========");
foreach (var stringLiteral in _stringLiterals)
{
var bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(stringLiteral.Value).Select(b => $"b {b}");
_writer.WriteLine($"data {stringLiteral.Name} = {{ l {stringLiteral.Value.Length}, {string.Join(", ", bytes)} }}");
}
return _writer.ToString();
}
private static string QBEAssign(NubType type)
{
return type switch
{
NubIntType { Width: <= 32 } => "=w",
NubIntType { Width: 64 } => "=l",
NubFloatType { Width: 32 } => "=s",
NubFloatType { Width: 64 } => "=d",
NubBoolType => "=w",
NubPointerType => "=l",
NubFuncType => "=l",
NubCStringType => "=l",
NubStringType => "=l",
NubArrayType => "=l",
NubStructType => "=l",
NubVoidType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Void has no assignment"),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), $"Unknown type {type.GetType()}")
};
}
private void EmitStore(NubType type, string value, string destination)
{
var store = type switch
{
NubBoolType => "storeb",
NubIntType { Width: 8 } => "storeb",
NubIntType { Width: 16 } => "storeh",
NubIntType { Width: 32 } => "storew",
NubIntType { Width: 64 } => "storel",
NubFloatType { Width: 32 } => "stores",
NubFloatType { Width: 64 } => "stored",
NubPointerType => "storel",
NubFuncType => "storel",
NubCStringType => "storel",
NubStringType => "storel",
NubArrayType => "storel",
NubStructType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Struct stores must use blit/memcpy"),
NubVoidType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot store void"),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), $"Unknown type {type.GetType()}")
};
_writer.Indented($"{store} {value}, {destination}");
}
private string EmitLoad(NubType type, string from)
{
string load = type switch
{
NubBoolType => "loadub",
NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 8 } => "loadsb",
NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 16 } => "loadsh",
NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 32 } => "loadw",
NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 64 } => "loadl",
NubIntType { Signed: false, Width: 8 } => "loadsb",
NubIntType { Signed: false, Width: 16 } => "loadsh",
NubIntType { Signed: false, Width: 32 } => "loadw",
NubIntType { Signed: false, Width: 64 } => "loadl",
NubFloatType { Width: 32 } => "loads",
NubFloatType { Width: 64 } => "loadd",
NubPointerType => "loadl",
NubFuncType => "loadl",
NubCStringType => "loadl",
NubStringType => "loadl",
NubArrayType => "loadl",
NubStructType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Struct loads must use blit/memcpy"),
NubVoidType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot load void"),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), $"Unknown type {type.GetType()}")
};
var into = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{into} {QBEAssign(type)} {load} {from}");
return into;
}
private static string StructDefQBEType(NubType type)
{
return type switch
{
NubBoolType => "b",
NubIntType { Width: 8 } => "b",
NubIntType { Width: 16 } => "h",
NubIntType { Width: 32 } => "w",
NubIntType { Width: 64 } => "l",
NubFloatType { Width: 32 } => "s",
NubFloatType { Width: 64 } => "d",
NubPointerType => "l",
NubFuncType => "l",
NubCStringType => "l",
NubStringType => "l",
NubArrayType => "l",
NubStructType st => StructTypeName(st.Module, st.Name),
NubVoidType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Void has no QBE type"),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), $"Unknown type: {type.GetType()}")
};
}
private string FuncQBETypeName(NubType type)
{
return type switch
{
NubBoolType => "ub",
NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 8 } => "sb",
NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 16 } => "sh",
NubIntType { Signed: false, Width: 8 } => "ub",
NubIntType { Signed: false, Width: 16 } => "uh",
NubIntType { Width: 32 } => "w",
NubIntType { Width: 64 } => "l",
NubFloatType { Width: 32 } => "s",
NubFloatType { Width: 64 } => "d",
NubPointerType => "l",
NubFuncType => "l",
NubCStringType => "l",
NubStringType => "l",
NubArrayType => "l",
NubStructType st => StructTypeName(st.Module, st.Name),
NubVoidType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Void has no QBE type"),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), $"Unknown type: {type.GetType()}")
};
}
private void EmitMemset(string destination, int value, string length)
{
_writer.Indented($"call $.memset(l {destination}, l {value}, l {length})");
}
private void EmitMemcpy(string source, string destination, string length)
{
_writer.Indented($"call $.memcpy(l {source}, l {destination}, l {length})");
}
private string EmitCStringSizeInBytes(string cstring)
{
var result = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{result} =l call $.cstring_len(l {cstring})");
_writer.Indented($"{result} =l add {result}, 1");
return result;
}
private string EmitStringSizeInBytes(string nubstring)
{
var size = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{size} =l loadl {nubstring}");
_writer.Indented($"{size} =l add {size}, 8");
return size;
}
// todo(nub31): EmitRValue should take a destination parameter so we can skip copying rvalues
private void EmitCopyInto(ExpressionNode source, string destinationAddress, bool tryMove = true)
{
if (tryMove && source is RValueExpressionNode rValue)
{
EmitRValueInto(rValue, destinationAddress);
return;
}
if (source.Type.IsScalar)
{
EmitStore(source.Type, EmitExpression(source), destinationAddress);
return;
}
if (source.Type.IsValueType)
{
var value = EmitExpression(source);
_writer.Indented($"blit {value}, {destinationAddress}, {SizeOf(source.Type)}");
return;
}
switch (source.Type)
{
case NubCStringType:
{
var value = EmitExpression(source);
var size = EmitCStringSizeInBytes(value);
var buffer = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{buffer} =l alloc8 {size}");
EmitMemcpy(value, buffer, size);
EmitStore(source.Type, buffer, destinationAddress);
return;
}
case NubStringType:
{
var value = EmitExpression(source);
var size = EmitStringSizeInBytes(value);
var buffer = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{buffer} =l alloc8 {size}");
EmitMemcpy(value, buffer, size);
EmitStore(source.Type, buffer, destinationAddress);
return;
}
case NubVoidType:
throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot copy void");
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(source.Type), $"Unknown type {source.Type}");
}
}
private void EmitStructType(NubStructType structType)
{
// todo(nub31): qbe expects structs to be declared in order. We must Check the dependencies of the struct to see if a type need to be declared before this one
// qbe allows multiple declarations of the same struct, but we should keep track and only emit an new one if necessary
_writer.Write($"type {StructTypeName(structType.Module, structType.Name)} = {{ ");
foreach (var field in structType.Fields)
{
_writer.Write($"{StructDefQBEType(field.Type)},");
}
_writer.WriteLine(" }");
}
private void EmitStructDefinition(StructNode structDef)
{
_writer.Comment($"{structDef.Module}::{structDef.Name}");
_writer.WriteLine($"export function {StructCtorName(structDef.Module, structDef.Name)}(l %struct) {{");
_writer.WriteLine("@start");
foreach (var field in structDef.Fields)
{
if (field.Value != null)
{
var offset = OffsetOf(TypeOfStruct(structDef), field.Name);
var destination = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{destination} =l add %struct, {offset}");
EmitCopyInto(field.Value, destination);
}
}
_writer.Indented("ret");
_writer.WriteLine("}");
_writer.NewLine();
foreach (var function in structDef.Functions)
{
_writer.Comment($"{structDef.Module}::{structDef.Name}.{function.Name}");
_labelIndex = 0;
_tmpIndex = 0;
_writer.Write("export function ");
if (function.Signature.ReturnType is not NubVoidType)
{
_writer.Write(FuncQBETypeName(function.Signature.ReturnType) + ' ');
}
_writer.Write(StructFuncName(structDef.Module, structDef.Name, function.Name));
_writer.Write("(l %this, ");
foreach (var parameter in function.Signature.Parameters)
{
_writer.Write(FuncQBETypeName(parameter.Type) + $" %{parameter.Name}, ");
}
_writer.WriteLine(") {");
_writer.WriteLine("@start");
EmitBlock(function.Body);
// Implicit return for void functions if no explicit return has been set
if (function.Signature.ReturnType is NubVoidType && function.Body.Statements.LastOrDefault() is not ReturnNode)
{
_writer.Indented("ret");
}
_writer.WriteLine("}");
_writer.NewLine();
}
}
private void EmitFuncDefinition(FuncNode funcDef)
{
if (funcDef.Body == null) return;
_labelIndex = 0;
_tmpIndex = 0;
_writer.Write(funcDef.ExternSymbol != null ? "export function " : "function ");
if (funcDef.Signature.ReturnType is not NubVoidType)
{
_writer.Write(FuncQBETypeName(funcDef.Signature.ReturnType) + ' ');
}
_writer.Write(FuncName(funcDef.Module, funcDef.Name, funcDef.ExternSymbol));
_writer.Write("(");
foreach (var parameter in funcDef.Signature.Parameters)
{
_writer.Write(FuncQBETypeName(parameter.Type) + $" %{parameter.Name}");
}
_writer.WriteLine(") {");
_writer.WriteLine("@start");
EmitBlock(funcDef.Body);
_writer.WriteLine("}");
_writer.NewLine();
}
private void EmitBlock(BlockNode block, Scope? scope = null)
{
scope ??= new Scope();
_scopes.Push(scope);
foreach (var statement in block.Statements)
{
EmitStatement(statement);
}
EmitScopeCleanup();
_scopes.Pop();
}
private void EmitStatement(StatementNode statement)
{
switch (statement)
{
case AssignmentNode assignment:
EmitCopyInto(assignment.Value, EmitAddressOf(assignment.Target));
break;
case BlockNode block:
EmitBlock(block);
break;
case BreakNode:
EmitScopeCleanup();
_writer.Indented($"jmp {_breakLabels.Peek()}");
break;
case ContinueNode:
EmitScopeCleanup();
_writer.Indented($"jmp {_continueLabels.Peek()}");
break;
case DeferNode defer:
Scope.Defers.Push(defer);
break;
case IfNode ifStatement:
EmitIf(ifStatement);
break;
case ReturnNode @return:
EmitReturn(@return);
break;
case StatementFuncCallNode statementFuncCall:
EmitFuncCall(statementFuncCall.FuncCall);
break;
case StatementStructFuncCallNode statementStructFuncCall:
EmitStructFuncCall(statementStructFuncCall.StructFuncCall);
break;
case VariableDeclarationNode variableDeclaration:
EmitVariableDeclaration(variableDeclaration);
break;
case WhileNode whileStatement:
EmitWhile(whileStatement);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(statement));
}
}
private void EmitScopeCleanup()
{
while (Scope.Defers.TryPop(out var defer))
{
EmitStatement(defer.Statement);
}
}
private void EmitIf(IfNode ifStatement)
{
var trueLabel = LabelName();
var falseLabel = LabelName();
var endLabel = LabelName();
var result = EmitExpression(ifStatement.Condition);
_writer.Indented($"jnz {result}, {trueLabel}, {falseLabel}");
_writer.WriteLine(trueLabel);
EmitBlock(ifStatement.Body);
_writer.Indented($"jmp {endLabel}");
_writer.WriteLine(falseLabel);
if (ifStatement.Else.HasValue)
{
ifStatement.Else.Value.Match(EmitIf, b => EmitBlock(b));
}
_writer.WriteLine(endLabel);
}
private void EmitReturn(ReturnNode @return)
{
if (@return.Value != null)
{
var result = EmitExpression(@return.Value);
EmitScopeCleanup();
_writer.Indented($"ret {result}");
}
else
{
EmitScopeCleanup();
_writer.Indented("ret");
}
}
private void EmitVariableDeclaration(VariableDeclarationNode variableDeclaration)
{
var name = $"%{variableDeclaration.Name}";
_writer.Indented($"{name} =l alloc8 {SizeOf(variableDeclaration.Type)}");
if (variableDeclaration.Assignment != null)
{
EmitCopyInto(variableDeclaration.Assignment, name);
}
}
private void EmitWhile(WhileNode whileStatement)
{
var conditionLabel = LabelName();
var iterationLabel = LabelName();
var endLabel = LabelName();
_breakLabels.Push(endLabel);
_continueLabels.Push(conditionLabel);
_writer.Indented($"jmp {conditionLabel}");
_writer.WriteLine(iterationLabel);
EmitBlock(whileStatement.Body);
_writer.WriteLine(conditionLabel);
var result = EmitExpression(whileStatement.Condition);
_writer.Indented($"jnz {result}, {iterationLabel}, {endLabel}");
_writer.WriteLine(endLabel);
_continueLabels.Pop();
_breakLabels.Pop();
}
private string EmitExpression(ExpressionNode expr)
{
return expr switch
{
RValueExpressionNode rValue => EmitRValue(rValue),
LValueExpressionNode lValue => EmitLValue(lValue),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(expr))
};
}
private string EmitRValue(RValueExpressionNode rValue)
{
return rValue switch
{
StringLiteralNode expr => EmitStringLiteral(expr),
CStringLiteralNode expr => EmitCStringLiteral(expr),
IntLiteralNode expr => expr.Value.ToString(),
UIntLiteralNode expr => expr.Value.ToString(),
Float32LiteralNode expr => BitConverter.SingleToInt32Bits(expr.Value).ToString(),
Float64LiteralNode expr => BitConverter.DoubleToInt64Bits(expr.Value).ToString(),
BoolLiteralNode expr => expr.Value ? "1" : "0",
AddressOfNode expr => EmitAddressOf(expr.LValue),
ArrayInitializerNode expr => EmitArrayInitializer(expr),
BinaryExpressionNode expr => EmitBinaryExpression(expr),
ConvertFloatNode expr => EmitConvertFloat(expr),
ConvertIntNode expr => EmitConvertInt(expr),
FuncCallNode expr => EmitFuncCall(expr),
FuncIdentifierNode expr => FuncName(expr.Module, expr.Name, expr.ExternSymbol),
RValueIdentifierNode expr => $"%{expr.Name}",
StructFuncCallNode expr => EmitStructFuncCall(expr),
StructInitializerNode expr => EmitStructInitializer(expr),
UnaryExpressionNode expr => EmitUnaryExpression(expr),
SizeBuiltinNode expr => $"{SizeOf(expr.TargetType)}",
FloatToIntBuiltinNode expr => EmitFloatToIntBuiltin(expr),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(rValue))
};
}
private void EmitRValueInto(RValueExpressionNode rValue, string destinationAddress)
{
if (rValue.Type.IsScalar)
{
EmitStore(rValue.Type, EmitRValue(rValue), destinationAddress);
return;
}
switch (rValue)
{
case StructInitializerNode expr:
{
EmitStructInitializer(expr, destinationAddress);
return;
}
case StringLiteralNode expr:
{
// String literals are read only, so safe to use without copy
EmitStore(expr.Type, EmitStringLiteral(expr), destinationAddress);
return;
}
case CStringLiteralNode expr:
{
// String literals are read only, so safe to use without copy
EmitStore(expr.Type, EmitCStringLiteral(expr), destinationAddress);
return;
}
default:
{
// If no special case is provided, fall back to copying
Console.WriteLine($"No fast initialization for {rValue.GetType().Name}. Using copy fallback");
EmitCopyInto(rValue, destinationAddress, false);
break;
}
}
}
private string EmitLValue(LValueExpressionNode lValue)
{
var address = EmitAddressOf(lValue);
if (lValue.Type is { IsValueType: true, IsScalar: false })
{
return address;
}
return EmitLoad(lValue.Type, address);
}
private string EmitStringLiteral(StringLiteralNode expr)
{
var stringLiteral = new StringLiteral(expr.Value, StringName());
_stringLiterals.Add(stringLiteral);
return stringLiteral.Name;
}
private string EmitCStringLiteral(CStringLiteralNode expr)
{
var cStringLiteral = new CStringLiteral(expr.Value, CStringName());
_cStringLiterals.Add(cStringLiteral);
return cStringLiteral.Name;
}
private string EmitArrayInitializer(ArrayInitializerNode arrayInitializer)
{
var capacity = EmitExpression(arrayInitializer.Capacity);
var elementSize = SizeOf(arrayInitializer.ElementType);
var capacityInBytes = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{capacityInBytes} =l mul {capacity}, {elementSize}");
var totalSize = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{totalSize} =l add {capacityInBytes}, 8");
var arrayPointer = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{arrayPointer} =l alloc8 {totalSize}");
_writer.Indented($"storel {capacity}, {arrayPointer}");
var dataPointer = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{dataPointer} =l add {arrayPointer}, 8");
EmitMemset(dataPointer, 0, capacityInBytes);
return arrayPointer;
}
private string EmitAddressOf(LValueExpressionNode lval)
{
return lval switch
{
ArrayIndexAccessNode arrayIndexAccess => EmitAddressOfArrayIndexAccess(arrayIndexAccess),
DereferenceNode dereference => EmitExpression(dereference.Expression),
StructFieldAccessNode structFieldAccess => EmitAddressOfStructFieldAccess(structFieldAccess),
LValueIdentifierNode variableIdent => $"%{variableIdent.Name}",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(lval))
};
}
private string EmitAddressOfArrayIndexAccess(ArrayIndexAccessNode arrayIndexAccess)
{
var array = EmitExpression(arrayIndexAccess.Target);
var index = EmitExpression(arrayIndexAccess.Index);
var elementType = ((NubArrayType)arrayIndexAccess.Target.Type).ElementType;
var offset = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{offset} =l mul {index}, {SizeOf(elementType)}");
_writer.Indented($"{offset} =l add {offset}, 8");
_writer.Indented($"{offset} =l add {array}, {offset}");
return offset;
}
private string EmitAddressOfStructFieldAccess(StructFieldAccessNode structFieldAccess)
{
var structType = (NubStructType)structFieldAccess.Target.Type;
var target = EmitExpression(structFieldAccess.Target);
var offset = OffsetOf(structType, structFieldAccess.Field);
var address = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{address} =l add {target}, {offset}");
return address;
}
private string EmitBinaryExpression(BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpression)
{
var left = EmitExpression(binaryExpression.Left);
var right = EmitExpression(binaryExpression.Right);
var outputName = TmpName();
var instruction = EmitBinaryInstructionForOperator(binaryExpression.Operator, binaryExpression.Left.Type);
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} {QBEAssign(binaryExpression.Left.Type)} {instruction} {left}, {right}");
return outputName;
}
private static string EmitBinaryInstructionForOperator(BinaryOperator op, NubType type)
{
// todo(nub31): Add support for string concatenation. Currently this expects ints or floats and will treat strings as ints
return op switch
{
BinaryOperator.RightShift => type switch
{
NubIntType { Signed: true } => "sar",
NubIntType { Signed: false } => "shr",
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Right shift not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.BitwiseAnd => "and",
BinaryOperator.BitwiseOr => "or",
BinaryOperator.BitwiseXor => "xor",
BinaryOperator.LeftShift => "shl",
BinaryOperator.Divide => type switch
{
NubIntType { Signed: true } => "div",
NubIntType { Signed: false } => "udiv",
NubFloatType => "div",
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Division not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.Modulo => type switch
{
NubIntType { Signed: true } => "rem",
NubIntType { Signed: false } => "urem",
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Modulo not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.Plus => "add",
BinaryOperator.Minus => "sub",
BinaryOperator.Multiply => "mul",
BinaryOperator.Equal => type switch
{
NubIntType intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "ceqw",
64 => "ceql",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubFloatType floatType => floatType.Width switch
{
32 => "ceqs",
64 => "ceqd",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Equality comparison not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.NotEqual => type switch
{
NubIntType intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "cnew",
64 => "cnel",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubFloatType floatType => floatType.Width switch
{
32 => "cnes",
64 => "cned",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Inequality comparison not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.LessThan => type switch
{
NubIntType { Signed: true } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "csltw",
64 => "csltl",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubIntType { Signed: false } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "cultw",
64 => "cultl",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubFloatType floatType => floatType.Width switch
{
32 => "clts",
64 => "cltd",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Less than comparison not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.LessThanOrEqual => type switch
{
NubIntType { Signed: true } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "cslew",
64 => "cslel",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubIntType { Signed: false } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "culew",
64 => "culel",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubFloatType floatType => floatType.Width switch
{
32 => "cles",
64 => "cled",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Less than or equal comparison not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.GreaterThan => type switch
{
NubIntType { Signed: true } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "csgtw",
64 => "csgtl",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubIntType { Signed: false } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "cugtw",
64 => "cugtl",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubFloatType floatType => floatType.Width switch
{
32 => "cgts",
64 => "cgtd",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Greater than comparison not supported for type '{type}'")
},
BinaryOperator.GreaterThanOrEqual => type switch
{
NubIntType { Signed: true } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "csgew",
64 => "csgel",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubIntType { Signed: false } intType => intType.Width switch
{
<= 32 => "cugew",
64 => "cugel",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
NubFloatType floatType => floatType.Width switch
{
32 => "cges",
64 => "cged",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
_ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Greater than or equal comparison not supported for type '{type}'")
},
// todo(nub31): Implement short circuiting
BinaryOperator.LogicalAnd => "and",
BinaryOperator.LogicalOr => "or",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(op))
};
}
private string EmitStructInitializer(StructInitializerNode structInitializer)
{
var destinationAddress = TmpName();
var size = SizeOf(structInitializer.StructType);
_writer.Indented($"{destinationAddress} =l alloc8 {size}");
EmitStructInitializer(structInitializer, destinationAddress);
return destinationAddress;
}
private void EmitStructInitializer(StructInitializerNode structInitializer, string destinationAddress)
{
_writer.Indented($"call {StructCtorName(structInitializer.StructType.Module, structInitializer.StructType.Name)}(l {destinationAddress})");
foreach (var (field, value) in structInitializer.Initializers)
{
var offset = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{offset} =l add {destinationAddress}, {OffsetOf(structInitializer.StructType, field)}");
EmitCopyInto(value, offset);
}
}
private string EmitUnaryExpression(UnaryExpressionNode unaryExpression)
{
var operand = EmitExpression(unaryExpression.Operand);
var outputName = TmpName();
switch (unaryExpression.Operator)
{
case UnaryOperator.Negate:
{
switch (unaryExpression.Operand.Type)
{
case NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 64 }:
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} =l neg {operand}");
return outputName;
case NubIntType { Signed: true, Width: 8 or 16 or 32 }:
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} =w neg {operand}");
return outputName;
case NubFloatType { Width: 64 }:
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} =d neg {operand}");
return outputName;
case NubFloatType { Width: 32 }:
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} =s neg {operand}");
return outputName;
}
break;
}
case UnaryOperator.Invert:
{
switch (unaryExpression.Operand.Type)
{
case NubBoolType:
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} =w xor {operand}, 1");
return outputName;
}
break;
}
default:
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
throw new NotSupportedException($"Unary operator {unaryExpression.Operator} for type {unaryExpression.Operand.Type} not supported");
}
private string EmitStructFuncCall(StructFuncCallNode structFuncCall)
{
var func = StructFuncName(structFuncCall.Module, structFuncCall.StructName, structFuncCall.FuncName);
var thisParameter = EmitExpression(structFuncCall.StructExpression);
List<string> parameterStrings = [$"l {thisParameter}"];
foreach (var parameter in structFuncCall.Parameters)
{
var value = EmitExpression(parameter);
parameterStrings.Add($"{FuncQBETypeName(parameter.Type)} {value}");
}
if (structFuncCall.Type is NubVoidType)
{
_writer.Indented($"call {func}({string.Join(", ", parameterStrings)})");
return string.Empty;
}
else
{
var outputName = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} {QBEAssign(structFuncCall.Type)} call {func}({string.Join(", ", parameterStrings)})");
return outputName;
}
}
private string EmitConvertInt(ConvertIntNode convertInt)
{
var value = EmitExpression(convertInt.Value);
if (convertInt.ValueType.Width >= convertInt.TargetType.Width)
{
return value;
}
var method = convertInt.ValueType.Signed switch
{
true => convertInt.ValueType.Width switch
{
8 => "extsb",
16 => "extsh",
32 => "extsw",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
false => convertInt.ValueType.Width switch
{
8 => "extub",
16 => "extuh",
32 => "extuw",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
}
};
var result = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{result} {QBEAssign(convertInt.TargetType)} {method} {value}");
return result;
}
private string EmitConvertFloat(ConvertFloatNode convertFloat)
{
var value = EmitExpression(convertFloat.Value);
if (convertFloat.ValueType.Width == convertFloat.TargetType.Width)
{
return value;
}
var method = convertFloat.ValueType.Width switch
{
32 => "exts",
64 => "truncd",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
};
var result = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{result} {QBEAssign(convertFloat.TargetType)} {method} {value}");
return result;
}
private string EmitFloatToIntBuiltin(FloatToIntBuiltinNode floatToInt)
{
var value = EmitExpression(floatToInt.Value);
var method = floatToInt.TargetType.Signed switch
{
true => floatToInt.ValueType.Width switch
{
32 => "stosi",
64 => "dtosi",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
},
false => floatToInt.ValueType.Width switch
{
32 => "stoui",
64 => "dtoui",
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
}
};
var result = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{result} {QBEAssign(floatToInt.TargetType)} {method} {value}");
return result;
}
private string EmitFuncCall(FuncCallNode funcCall)
{
var funcPointer = EmitExpression(funcCall.Expression);
var parameterStrings = new List<string>();
foreach (var parameter in funcCall.Parameters)
{
var value = EmitExpression(parameter);
parameterStrings.Add($"{FuncQBETypeName(parameter.Type)} {value}");
}
if (funcCall.Type is NubVoidType)
{
_writer.Indented($"call {funcPointer}({string.Join(", ", parameterStrings)})");
return string.Empty;
}
else
{
var outputName = TmpName();
_writer.Indented($"{outputName} {QBEAssign(funcCall.Type)} call {funcPointer}({string.Join(", ", parameterStrings)})");
return outputName;
}
}
private static int SizeOf(NubType type)
{
return type switch
{
NubIntType intType => intType.Width / 8,
NubFloatType fType => fType.Width / 8,
NubBoolType => 1,
NubPointerType => PTR_SIZE,
NubFuncType => PTR_SIZE,
NubStructType structType => CalculateStructSize(structType),
NubVoidType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Void type has no size"),
NubCStringType => PTR_SIZE,
NubStringType => PTR_SIZE,
NubArrayType => PTR_SIZE,
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), $"Unknown type: {type.GetType()}")
};
}
private static int CalculateStructSize(NubStructType structType)
{
var offset = 0;
foreach (var field in structType.Fields)
{
var fieldAlignment = AlignmentOf(field.Type);
offset = AlignTo(offset, fieldAlignment);
offset += SizeOf(field.Type);
}
var structAlignment = CalculateStructAlignment(structType);
return AlignTo(offset, structAlignment);
}
private static int AlignmentOf(NubType type)
{
return type switch
{
NubIntType intType => intType.Width / 8,
NubFloatType fType => fType.Width / 8,
NubBoolType => 1,
NubPointerType => PTR_SIZE,
NubFuncType => PTR_SIZE,
NubStructType st => CalculateStructAlignment(st),
NubCStringType => PTR_SIZE,
NubStringType => PTR_SIZE,
NubArrayType => PTR_SIZE,
NubVoidType => throw new InvalidOperationException("Void has no alignment"),
_ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(type), $"Unknown type: {type.GetType()}")
};
}
private static int CalculateStructAlignment(NubStructType structType)
{
var maxAlignment = 1;
foreach (var field in structType.Fields)
{
var fieldAlignment = AlignmentOf(field.Type);
maxAlignment = Math.Max(maxAlignment, fieldAlignment);
}
return maxAlignment;
}
private static int AlignTo(int offset, int alignment)
{
return (offset + alignment - 1) & ~(alignment - 1);
}
private static int OffsetOf(NubStructType type, string member)
{
var offset = 0;
foreach (var field in type.Fields)
{
var fieldAlignment = AlignmentOf(field.Type);
offset = AlignTo(offset, fieldAlignment);
if (field.Name == member)
{
return offset;
}
offset += SizeOf(field.Type);
}
throw new UnreachableException($"Member '{member}' not found in struct");
}
private NubStructType TypeOfStruct(StructNode definition)
{
var fieldTypes = definition.Fields
.Select(x => new NubStructFieldType(x.Name, x.Type, x.Value != null))
.ToList();
var functionTypes = new List<NubStructFuncType>();
foreach (var function in definition.Functions)
{
var parameters = function.Signature.Parameters.Select(x => x.Type).ToList();
functionTypes.Add(new NubStructFuncType(function.Name, parameters, function.Signature.ReturnType));
}
return new NubStructType(definition.Module, definition.Name, fieldTypes, functionTypes);
}
private string TmpName()
{
return $"%.t{++_tmpIndex}";
}
private string LabelName()
{
return $"@.l{++_labelIndex}";
}
private string CStringName()
{
return $"$.cstr{++_cStringLiteralIndex}";
}
private string StringName()
{
return $"$.str{++_stringLiteralIndex}";
}
private static string FuncName(string module, string name, string? externSymbol)
{
return $"${externSymbol ?? $".{module}.{name}"}";
}
private static string StructTypeName(string module, string name)
{
return $":{module}.{name}";
}
private static string StructCtorName(string module, string name)
{
return $"$.{module}.{name}.ctor";
}
private static string StructFuncName(string module, string structName, string funcName)
{
return $"$.{module}.{structName}.func.{funcName}";
}
}
public class Scope
{
public readonly Stack<DeferNode> Defers = [];
}
public class StringLiteral(string value, string name)
{
public string Value { get; } = value;
public string Name { get; } = name;
}
public class CStringLiteral(string value, string name)
{
public string Value { get; } = value;
public string Name { get; } = name;
}