...

build.sh

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 mkdir -p out
 
-dotnet run --project lang/Nub.Lang example out/out.asm
+dotnet run --project lang/Nub.Lang example out/out.qbe
 
 gcc -c -g -fno-stack-protector -fno-builtin std/baseline/gc.c -o out/gc.o
 nasm -g -felf64 std/baseline/str_cmp.asm -o out/str_cmp.o
+nasm -g -felf64 std/baseline/runtime.asm -o out/runtime.o
 
 nasm -g -felf64 std/core/str_len.asm -o out/str_len.o
 nasm -g -felf64 std/core/itoa.asm -o out/itoa.o
 
-nasm -g -felf64 out/out.asm -o out/out.o
+qbe out/out.qbe > out/out.s
+gcc -c -g out/out.s -o out/out.o
 
-gcc -no-pie -nostartfiles -o out/program out/gc.o out/str_cmp.o out/str_len.o out/itoa.o out/out.o
+gcc -no-pie -nostartfiles -o out/program out/gc.o out/str_cmp.o out/str_len.o out/itoa.o out/runtime.o out/out.o

example/core/c.nub

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+extern func puts(str: string);

example/core/print.nub

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-func print(msg: string) {
-    syscall(1, 1, msg, str_len(msg));
-}
-
-func print(value: int64) {
-    print(itoa(value));
-}
-
-func print(value: bool) {
-    if value {
-        print("true");
-    } else {
-        print("false");
-    }
-}
-
-func println() {
-    print("\n");
-}
-
-func println(msg: string) {
-    print(msg);
-    println();
-}
-
-func println(value: bool) {
-    print(value);
-    println();
-}
-
-func println(value: int64) {
-    print(value);
-    println();
-}

example/program.nub

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import "core";
 
 func main() {
-    println("test");
+    let x = "test";
+    puts(x);
 }

lang/Nub.Lang/Backend/Generator.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ public class Generator
     private readonly List<DefinitionNode> _definitions;
     private readonly StringBuilder _builder = new();
     private readonly SymbolTable _symbolTable;
+    private readonly Dictionary<string, string> _variables = new();
     
     public Generator(List<DefinitionNode> definitions)
     {
@@ -17,6 +18,12 @@ public class Generator
 
     public string Generate()
     {
+        for (var i = 0; i < _symbolTable.Strings.Count; i++)
+        {
+            var str = _symbolTable.Strings[i];
+            _builder.AppendLine($"data $str{i} = {{ b \"{str}\", b 0 }}");
+        }
+
         foreach (var funcDefinition in _definitions.OfType<LocalFuncDefinitionNode>())
         {
             GenerateFuncDefinition(funcDefinition);
@@ -27,37 +34,39 @@ public class Generator
 
     private string QbeTypeName(NubType type)
     {
-        if (type.Equals(NubType.Int64))
+        if (type.Equals(NubType.Int64) || type.Equals(NubType.String))
         {
             return "l";
         }
         
-        if (type.Equals(NubType.Int32))
+        if (type.Equals(NubType.Int32) || type.Equals(NubType.Bool))
         {
             return "w";
         }
-        
-        if (type.Equals(NubType.String))
-        {
-            return "l";
-        }
 
         throw new Exception($"Invalid qbe type {type}");
     }
 
     private void GenerateFuncDefinition(LocalFuncDefinitionNode node)
     {
+        _variables.Clear();
         var parameters = node.Parameters.Select(p => $"{QbeTypeName(p.Type)} %{p.Name}");
-        _builder.Append("function ");
+        _builder.Append("export function ");
         if (node.ReturnType.HasValue)
         {
             _builder.Append($"{QbeTypeName(node.ReturnType.Value)} ");
         }
 
+        _builder.Append('$');
         _builder.Append(node.Name);
+        
         _builder.AppendLine($"({string.Join(", ", parameters)}) {{");
         _builder.AppendLine("@start");
         GenerateBlock(node.Body, _symbolTable.ResolveLocalFunc(node.Name, node.Parameters.Select(x => x.Type).ToList()));
+        if (!node.ReturnType.HasValue)
+        {
+            _builder.AppendLine("    ret");
+        }
         _builder.AppendLine("}");
     }
     
@@ -80,7 +89,7 @@ public class Generator
                 GenerateContinue();
                 break;
             case FuncCallStatementNode funcCallStatement:
-                GenerateFuncCall(funcCallStatement.FuncCall, func);
+                GenerateStatementFuncCall(funcCallStatement, func);
                 break;
             case IfNode ifStatement:
                 GenerateIf(ifStatement, func);
@@ -109,6 +118,19 @@ public class Generator
     private void GenerateContinue()
     {
     }
+    
+    private void GenerateStatementFuncCall(FuncCallStatementNode funcCall, LocalFuncDef func)
+    {
+        var results = new List<(string, NubType)>();
+        foreach (var parameter in funcCall.FuncCall.Parameters)
+        {
+            results.Add((GenerateExpression(parameter, func), parameter.Type));
+        }
+
+        var parameters = results.Select(p => $"{QbeTypeName(p.Item2)} {p.Item1}");
+        
+        _builder.AppendLine($"    call ${funcCall.FuncCall.Name}({string.Join(", ", parameters)})");
+    }
 
     private void GenerateIf(IfNode ifStatement, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
@@ -116,68 +138,100 @@ public class Generator
 
     private void GenerateReturn(ReturnNode @return, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        if (@return.Value.HasValue)
+        {
+            var result = GenerateExpression(@return.Value.Value, func);
+            _builder.AppendLine($"    ret {result}");
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            _builder.AppendLine("    ret");
+        }
     }
 
     private void GenerateVariableAssignment(VariableAssignmentNode variableAssignment, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        _variables[variableAssignment.Name] = GenerateExpression(variableAssignment.Value, func);
     }
 
     private void GenerateVariableReassignment(VariableReassignmentNode variableReassignment, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        _variables[variableReassignment.Name] = GenerateExpression(variableReassignment.Value, func);
     }
 
     private void GenerateWhile(WhileNode whileStatement, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
     }
 
-    private void GenerateExpression(ExpressionNode expression, LocalFuncDef func)
+    private string GenerateExpression(ExpressionNode expression, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
         switch (expression)
         {
             case BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpression:
-                GenerateBinaryExpression(binaryExpression, func);
+                return GenerateBinaryExpression(binaryExpression, func);
-                break;
             case FuncCallExpressionNode funcCallExpression:
-                GenerateFuncCall(funcCallExpression.FuncCall, func);
+                return GenerateExpressionFuncCall(funcCallExpression, func);
-                break;
             case IdentifierNode identifier:
-                GenerateIdentifier(identifier, func);
+                return GenerateIdentifier(identifier, func);
-                break;
             case LiteralNode literal:
-                GenerateLiteral(literal, func);
+                return GenerateLiteral(literal, func);
-                break;
             case StructInitializerNode structInitializer:
-                GenerateStructInitializer(structInitializer, func);
+                return GenerateStructInitializer(structInitializer, func);
-                break;
             case StructMemberAccessorNode structMemberAccessor:
-                GenerateStructMemberAccessor(structMemberAccessor, func);
+                return GenerateStructMemberAccessor(structMemberAccessor, func);
-                break;
             default:
                 throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(expression));
         }
     }
 
-    private void GenerateStructMemberAccessor(StructMemberAccessorNode structMemberAccessor, LocalFuncDef func)
+    private string GenerateStructMemberAccessor(StructMemberAccessorNode structMemberAccessor, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    private void GenerateBinaryExpression(BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpression, LocalFuncDef func)
+    private string GenerateBinaryExpression(BinaryExpressionNode binaryExpression, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    private void GenerateIdentifier(IdentifierNode identifier, LocalFuncDef func)
+    private string GenerateIdentifier(IdentifierNode identifier, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        return _variables[identifier.Identifier];
     }
 
-    private void GenerateLiteral(LiteralNode literal, LocalFuncDef func)
+    private string GenerateLiteral(LiteralNode literal, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        if (literal.LiteralType.Equals(NubType.String))
+        {
+            return $"$str{_symbolTable.ResolveString(literal.Literal)}";
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            throw new NotImplementedException();
+        }
     }
 
-    private void GenerateStructInitializer(StructInitializerNode structInitializer, LocalFuncDef func)
+    private string GenerateStructInitializer(StructInitializerNode structInitializer, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    private void GenerateFuncCall(FuncCall funcCall, LocalFuncDef func)
+    private string GenerateExpressionFuncCall(FuncCallExpressionNode funcCall, LocalFuncDef func)
     {
+        var results = new List<(string, NubType)>();
+        foreach (var parameter in funcCall.FuncCall.Parameters)
+        {
+            results.Add((GenerateExpression(parameter, func), parameter.Type));
+        }
+
+        var parameters = results.Select(p => $"{QbeTypeName(p.Item2)} {p.Item1}");
+        
+        var output = GenName();
+        _builder.AppendLine($"    %{output} ={QbeTypeName(funcCall.Type)} call ${funcCall.FuncCall.Name}({string.Join(", ", parameters)})");
+        
+        return $"%{output}";
     }
+
+    private int _nameIndex;
+    private string GenName() => "v" + ++_nameIndex;
 }

lang/Nub.Lang/Backend/SymbolTable.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ public class SymbolTable
     {
         var externFuncDefs = new List<ExternFuncDef>();
         var localFuncDefs = new List<LocalFuncDef>();
+        var localFuncIndex = 0;
 
         var strings = new List<string>();
 
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ public class SymbolTable
                                     {
                                         FindStrings(parameter);
                                     }
+
                                     break;
                                 }
                                 case IfNode ifNode:
@@ -67,6 +69,7 @@ public class SymbolTable
                                     {
                                         FindStrings(returnNode.Value.Value);
                                     }
+
                                     break;
                                 }
                                 case WhileNode whileNode:
@@ -116,6 +119,7 @@ public class SymbolTable
                                 {
                                     FindStrings(parameter);
                                 }
+
                                 break;
                             }
                             case LiteralNode literalNode:
@@ -124,6 +128,7 @@ public class SymbolTable
                                 {
                                     strings.Add(literalNode.Literal);
                                 }
+
                                 break;
                             }
                             case StructInitializerNode structInitializerNode:
@@ -132,6 +137,7 @@ public class SymbolTable
                                 {
                                     FindStrings(initializer.Value);
                                 }
+
                                 break;
                             }
                         }
@@ -162,6 +168,8 @@ public class SymbolTable
         _localFuncDefs = localFuncDefs;
     }
 
+    public IReadOnlyList<string> Strings => _strings;
+
     public int ResolveString(string value)
     {
         var index = _strings.IndexOf(value);
@@ -172,7 +180,7 @@ public class SymbolTable
 
         return index;
     }
-    
+
     public FuncDef ResolveFunc(string name, List<NubType> parameters)
     {
         var matching = _externFuncDefs.Concat<FuncDef>(_localFuncDefs).Where(funcDef => funcDef.SignatureMatches(name, parameters)).ToArray();
@@ -213,6 +221,17 @@ public abstract class FuncDef
     public required List<Variable> Parameters { get; init; }
     public required Optional<NubType> ReturnType { get; init; }
 
+    public virtual Variable ResolveVariable(string name)
+    {
+        var parameter = Parameters.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Name == name);
+        if (parameter == null)
+        {
+            throw new Exception($"Unable to resolve variable {name}");
+        }
+
+        return parameter;
+    }
+
     public bool SignatureMatches(string name, List<NubType> parameterTypes)
     {
         if (Name != name) return false;
@@ -229,7 +248,12 @@ public abstract class FuncDef
 
 public sealed class LocalFuncDef : FuncDef
 {
-    public required List<Variable> LocalVariables { get; set; }
+    public required List<Variable> LocalVariables { get; init; }
+
+    public override Variable ResolveVariable(string name)
+    {
+        return LocalVariables.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Name == name) ?? base.ResolveVariable(name);
+    }
 
     public override string ToString()
     {

lang/Nub.Lang/Program.cs

@@ -50,8 +50,7 @@ internal static class Program
         var generator = new Generator(definitions);
         var asm = generator.Generate();
 
-        // File.WriteAllText(output, asm);
+        File.WriteAllText(output, asm);
-        Console.WriteLine(asm);
         return 0;
     }
 

std/baseline/runtime.asm

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+global _start
+extern main
+
+section .text
+_start:
+    call main
+    mov rax, 60
+    mov rdi, 0
+    syscall