nub-lang/src/cli/Program.cs

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Reflection;
using Nub.Lang.Common;
using Nub.Lang.Generation.QBE;
using Nub.Lang.Syntax;
using Nub.Lang.Syntax.Parsing;
using Nub.Lang.Syntax.Tokenization;
using Nub.Lang.Syntax.Typing;

const string BIN_DIR = "bin";
const string BIN_INT_DIR = "bin-int";

if (args.Length != 1)
{
    Console.Error.WriteLine("Usage:     nub <input-dir>");
    Console.Error.WriteLine("Example:   nub src");
    return 1;
}

var srcDir = Path.GetFullPath(args[0]);

if (!Directory.Exists(srcDir))
{
    Console.Error.WriteLine($"Error: Input directory '{srcDir}' does not exist.");
    return 1;
}

Directory.CreateDirectory(BIN_INT_DIR);
Directory.CreateDirectory(BIN_DIR);

foreach (var file in Directory.GetFiles(BIN_INT_DIR))
{
    File.Delete(file);
}

foreach (var file in Directory.GetFiles(BIN_DIR))
{
    File.Delete(file);
}

var error = false;
List<CompilationUnit> compilationUnits = [];
Dictionary<CompilationUnit, SourceText> sourceTexts = [];
List<string> objectFiles = [];

foreach (var file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(srcDir, "*.nub", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
    var content = File.ReadAllText(file);

    var sourceText = new SourceText(file, content);
    var tokenizeResult = Tokenizer.Tokenize(sourceText);
    tokenizeResult.PrintAllDiagnostics();
    error = error || tokenizeResult.HasErrors;

    var parseResult = Parser.ParseFile(tokenizeResult.Value);
    parseResult.PrintAllDiagnostics();
    error = error || parseResult.HasErrors;

    if (parseResult.Value != null)
    {
        compilationUnits.Add(parseResult.Value);
        sourceTexts[parseResult.Value] = sourceText;
    }
}

if (error)
{
    return 1;
}

var definitionTable = new DefinitionTable(compilationUnits);

foreach (var compilationUnit in compilationUnits)
{
    var typeCheckResult = TypeChecker.Check(compilationUnit, definitionTable);
    typeCheckResult.PrintAllDiagnostics();
    error = error || typeCheckResult.HasErrors;
}

if (error)
{
    return 1;
}

foreach (var compilationUnit in compilationUnits)
{
    var ssaCode = QBEGenerator.Generate(compilationUnit, definitionTable);

    var sourceFileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(sourceTexts[compilationUnit].Path);
    var sourceHash = Math.Abs(sourceTexts[compilationUnit].Path.GetHashCode()).ToString("x8");
    var baseOutputName = $"{sourceFileName}_{sourceHash}";

    try
    {
        var assemblyCode = await InvokeQBE(ssaCode);
        
        var asmPath = Path.Combine(BIN_INT_DIR, $"{baseOutputName}.s");
        await File.WriteAllTextAsync(asmPath, assemblyCode);

        var objPath = Path.Combine(BIN_INT_DIR, $"{baseOutputName}.o");
        await InvokeAssembler(asmPath, objPath);
        objectFiles.Add(objPath);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.Error.WriteLine($"Error processing {sourceTexts[compilationUnit].Path}: {ex.Message}");
        return 1;
    }
}

var assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
var runtimeResources = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames().Where(name => name.EndsWith(".s", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));

foreach (var resourceName in runtimeResources)
{
    try
    {
        await using var stream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(resourceName);
        if (stream == null)
        {
            Console.Error.WriteLine($"Warning: Could not load embedded resource {resourceName}");
            continue;
        }

        using var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
        var assemblyCode = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();

        var fileName = resourceName.Split('.').Reverse().Skip(1).First();
        var asmPath = Path.Combine(BIN_INT_DIR, $"runtime_{fileName}.s");
        var objPath = Path.Combine(BIN_INT_DIR, $"runtime_{fileName}.o");

        await File.WriteAllTextAsync(asmPath, assemblyCode);

        await InvokeAssembler(asmPath, objPath);
        objectFiles.Add(objPath);

        File.Delete(asmPath);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.Error.WriteLine($"Error processing runtime resource {resourceName}: {ex.Message}");
        return 1;
    }
}

try
{
    var outputPath = Path.Combine(BIN_DIR, "out");
    await InvokeLinker(objectFiles, outputPath);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    Console.Error.WriteLine($"Error linking: {ex.Message}");
    return 1;
}

return 0;

static async Task<string> InvokeQBE(string ssa)
{
    using var qbeProcess = new Process();
    qbeProcess.StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
    {
        FileName = "qbe",
        UseShellExecute = false,
        RedirectStandardInput = true,
        RedirectStandardOutput = true,
        RedirectStandardError = true,
        CreateNoWindow = true
    };

    qbeProcess.Start();

    await qbeProcess.StandardInput.WriteAsync(ssa);
    qbeProcess.StandardInput.Close();

    var assemblyCode = await qbeProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEndAsync();
    var qbeErrors = await qbeProcess.StandardError.ReadToEndAsync();

    await qbeProcess.WaitForExitAsync();

    if (qbeProcess.ExitCode != 0)
    {
        throw new Exception($"QBE errors:\n{qbeErrors}");
    }

    return assemblyCode;
}

static async Task InvokeAssembler(string asmPath, string objPath)
{
    using var asProcess = new Process();
    asProcess.StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("gcc", ["-c", asmPath, "-o", objPath])
    {
        UseShellExecute = false,
        RedirectStandardOutput = true,
        RedirectStandardError = true,
        CreateNoWindow = true
    };

    asProcess.Start();

    var asOutput = await asProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEndAsync();
    var asErrors = await asProcess.StandardError.ReadToEndAsync();

    await asProcess.WaitForExitAsync();

    if (asProcess.ExitCode != 0)
    {
        throw new Exception($"Assembler errors:\n{asErrors}");
    }
}

static async Task InvokeLinker(List<string> objectFiles, string outputPath)
{
    using var gccProcess = new Process();
    gccProcess.StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("gcc", ["-nostartfiles", "-o", outputPath, ..objectFiles])
    {
        UseShellExecute = false,
        RedirectStandardOutput = true,
        RedirectStandardError = true,
        CreateNoWindow = true
    };

    gccProcess.Start();

    var gccOutput = await gccProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEndAsync();
    var gccErrors = await gccProcess.StandardError.ReadToEndAsync();

    await gccProcess.WaitForExitAsync();

    if (gccProcess.ExitCode != 0)
    {
        throw new Exception($"Linker errors:\n{gccErrors}");
    }
}